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Plantes.

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PRYVDENTIA, VIR TV. BE;

ARTE, RERVMQVE VSV SPECTATISSIMIS, DIGNISSIMIS

RICHARDO EDWARDS RECTORI, SIVE MAGISTRO;

EDWARDO COOKE, LEONARDO

STONE-GVARDIANIS,

CATERISQVE CLARISS. SOCIET.

PHARMACEVT. LOND. SOCIIS,

HOSSVOSIN EMA.

CVLANDO, AVGENDOQVE HAN*C PLANTARVM ; HISTORIAM,

LABORES,STVDIORVM BOTANICORVM SPECIMEN, AMORIS SYMBOLVM, EX ANIMO

Agia, VESTRA, PVBLICHQVE VTILL

TATIS STVDIOSISSIMVS

Tuom. Iounsown.

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TO THERIGHT HONORABLE HIS SINGVLAR. GOOD LORD AND MASTER, SIR Wuititam Crcit KNIGHT, BARON OB Burghley, Mafter of che Court of Wards and Liueries, Chancellor of the {2 Vniuerfitie of Cambridge, Knight of the moft noble Order of the Garter,

one of the Lords of her Maiefties moft honorable Priuy Coun- cell, and Lord high Treafurer of Bagland,

I?

}Mong the manifold creatures of God (right Honora~ ble, and my fingular good Lord) that haue all in all ages diuerfly entertained many excellent wits, and | drawne them to the contemplation of the diuine wif- dome, none haue prouoked mens {tudies more,or {a- tisfied their defires fo much as Plants haue done, and that vpon tuft and worthy caufes : For ifdelight may prouoke mens labor,what greater delight is there than to behold the earth apparelled with plants,as with a robe of embroidered worke, fet with Orient pearles, and garnifhed with great diuerfitie of rare and coftly iewels? [f this varietie and petfection of colours may affeét the eye, it is fuch inherbs and foures, that no 4= pelles, no Zeuxis euer could by any art expreffe the like ;if odours or iftafte may worke fatisfaction, ghey are both fo foueraigne in plants,and fo comfortable,that no confe@ion of theexpothecariés can equall their excellent vertue. But thefe delights are in the outward fences: the principall delightis in the minde, fingu~ larly enriched with the knéiytedge of thefe vifible things, fetting forth to vs the inuifible wifedome and adauirable workmanfhip of almighty God. The delight is great, but the vfe greater, and ioyried often withneceffity. In the firft ages of the world they were the ordinarie meate of men, and haue continued euer fince of neceflarie vie both for meates to maintaine life, and tor medicine to recouer health, ‘The hidden vertue of themis fuch, that (as Pliny noteth) the very bruite beaft's haue found it out: and(which is another yfe that he obferues from thence the Dyars tooke the beginning of their Art.

Forchermore,the neceflary vic of thefe fruits of the earch doth plainly appeare by the great charge and care of almoft all men in planting and maintaining of gar- dens, not as ornaments onely, but as a neceflarie prouifion alfo to their houfes. And here befide the fruit, to fpeake againe ina word of delight,gardens,efpecial- ly fuch as your Honor hath, furmfhed with many rare Simples, do fingularly de- light, when in thema man doth behold a flourifhing fhew of Sommer beauties in the midft of Winters farce, anda goodly {pring of floures, when abroad a leafe is notto be feene, Befides thefe and other caufes, there are many examples of thofe that haue honored this {cience : for to paffe by a multitude of the Philofo~ phers, it may pleafe yotir Honorto eall to remembrance that which you know of fome noble Princes, that haue ioyned this {tudy with their moft important mat q 4 ters

PIi.1i.8. ca.27, Ibid li2z.0,25

Plut. de Difer. adul & amie. Plin.lib.25. Gap.2,

ters of ftate : Mithridates the great was famous for his knowledge herein, as Ply- tarchnoteth. Evax alfo King of Arabia,the happy garden of the world for princi- pall Simples, wrot of this argument, as Pliny fheweth, Diocletian likewife,might have had his praife,had he not drowned all his honour in the bloud of his perfe= cution, To conclude this point, the example of Soloman is before the reft, and greater, Whofe wifedome and knowledge was fuch, that hee was able to fet out the nature ofall plants from the higheft Cedar to the loweft Mofle. But my very good Lord, that which fometime was the ftudy of great Philofophersand migh- tie Princes, isnow neglected, except it be of fome few, whofe {pirit and wifdome hath carried thers among other parts of wifedome and counfell, toa care and ftu- die of fpeciall herbes,both for the furnifhing of their gardens, and furtherance of their knowledge: among whom may iultly affirme and publith your Honor to be one,being my felfe one of your feruants,and a long time witnefle thereof : for vnder your Lordthip [ haue ferued, and that way employed my principall ftudy and almoft all my time, now by the {pace of twenty yeares. To the large and fin- gular furniture of this noble Ifland Ihaue added from forreine placesall the va. rietie of herbes and floures that I might any way obtaine, I haue laboured with the foileto make it fit for plants , and with the plants, that they might delight in the foile, that fo they might liue and profper vnder our clymat, as in their natiue and proper countrey : what my fucceffe hath beene,and what my furniture is, I Ieaue to the report of them that haue {eene your Lordfhips gardens, and the lit tle plot of myne owne efpeciall care andhusbandry, But becaufe gardens are privat, and many times finding an ignorant or a negligent {ucceflor,come foone to ruine, there be thathaue follicited me, firft by my pen, and after by the Prefsé to make my Labors common, and to freethem from the danger whereuntoa gar- den is fubieét: wherein when! wasouercome,and had brought this Hiltory or report of the nature of Plants to aiuft volume, and had made it (asthe Reader may by comparifon fee) richer than former Herbals, I found it no gueltion vnto whom I might dedicate my Labors;for confidering your good Lordfhip,! found none of whofe fauor and goodnelse I might fooner prefunieffeeing I haue found you cuer my very good Lord and Mafter. Again, confidering my duty and your Honors merits, to whom may I better recommend. my Labors, than to him vato whom I owe my felfe, and all chat | am ablein any feruice or deuotion toper- forme? Therefore vnder hope of your Honorable and accuftomed fauor I pre- fent this Herball to your Lordfhips protection ; and not as an exquifite Worke (for I know my meannefle) but as the greareft gift and chiefeft argument of duty that my labour and feruice can affoord : whereof if there be no other fruit,yer this is of fome vie, that I haue miniftred Matter for Men of riper wits and deeper iudgements to polith, and to adde to my large additions where any thingis: de- fectiue, that in time the Worke may be perfeé, Thusl humbly take my leaues befeeching God to grant you yet many dayesto liue to his glory,to the fupport of this State vader her Maieftie our dread Soueraigne, and that with great encreafe ofhonor in this world, andall fulnefse of glory in the world to come.

Your Lordfhips moft bumble and obedient Seruant,

loon GerRarp.

LANCELOTVS BRVNIVS MEDICVS REGINEVS Touanni Gerarvo Chirurgo peritifimo, ds rei Herbaria callentiffimo S.P, D.

=V M fingularum medicine partium cognitioatque intelli- gentia libero homine digna confenda eft; tum earum nulla vel antiquitate, vel dignitate, vel vtilitate, vel denique iu- cunditate, cum ftirpium cognitione iure comparari debet, Antiquiffimam eam effe ex eo liquet, quod quum ceteree medicine partes (ficut relique etiam artes) ab ipfis homi- nibus (prout cos dura preffit neceffitas) primum excogitate f & inuentez fuerunt:fola herbarum arborumque cognitio ante hominem formatum condita,eidemque mx creato ab ipfo mundi archetecto donata videri poteft. Cuius tanta apud antiqua fecula exiftimatio ac dignitas erat, vt & ipfi- us inuentionem fapientiffimo Deorum Apollini veteres rribuerint,& reges celeberrimi in ftirpium viribus indagandis ftudium laboremque fuuna confumere, fumme fibi apud pofteros laudi honorique futuramcenfucrint, Iam verd plantarum vtilitas, atq; etiam neceffitas,adeo laté patet,vt eius immenfitatem nullius vel acutiffimi hominis animus capere,nedum meus calamus exprimere queat.Stirpium enim complurime nobis in cibos,alimentumque cedunt : innumerz aduerfirs morbos remedia fiippeditant : ex alijs domos, naues, inftrumenta tam bellica quam ruftica fabricamus : aliquotetiam earum veftes noftris corporibus fubminiftrant. In quibus fingulis recen- fendis diutitts perfiftere, hominis effet intemperantér abutentis & otio & literis. Quan- tas autem, & quam varias voluptates ex ftirpium fiue amoenitate oculis capiamus, five fragrantia naribus hauriamus, fine fumma inearum conditorem impietate inficiari non poflumus. Aded vt abfque ftirpium ope & fubfidio vita nobis ne vitalis quidem habert debeat.

Quum igiturres plantaria reliquis omnibus medicine partibus antiquitate antecedat, dionitate, nulli cedar;vtilitate infuper obleGationeque cxteras longé fuperet, quis futu- tus eft, adco, aut infenfatus vt non exploratum habeat, ‘aut ingratus, ut non ingenué ag- hofeat, quantayniuerfis Anglis commoda, quantafque voluptates tuus mi Gerarde in ftir- pium inueftigatione & cultu labor indefeflus, ftudium inexhauftum, immenfique fump- tus hoc de ftirpibus edito libro allaturifunt. Madte itaque iftatua virtute,iftoque de re- publica bené merendi ftudio, & quod infigni ta cum laude ingreflus es virtutis gloriz- que curriculum, eidem infifte animosé & gnauitér, neq; are plantaria promouenda prius defifte,quam eam 3 te ad vmbilicum iam fermé produétam ipfe plené abfoluas atque per- ficias, Sicenim & ribiadhic fuperftiti gloriam paries immortalem, & poft obitum tan- tam tui nominis celebritatem relinques,vt tuarum laudum pofteros noftros nulla vnquam captura (it obliuio, Bene vale," Ex Aula Reginea Weftm. ipfis Cal. Decemb. 1597

t \

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Authoris ne ceffaria dili- gentia in ftir- pium fine Ma. tere Medica eognitione sommendatur.

Prettigiofas popularium ; medicaftrorti fallacias dete. gimus & inuce teratos depu- Jimus errores.

Initio prologi Phatmac,Pre- parand,

MATTHIAS DE LOBEL lTOHANNI GERARDO felicitatem.

2x Vium Londinum appulijgn finw gasifus [im Gerarde amicifsime suns typogra- pho forimis excudenda Plant arin collectar 4 twa commiffia vidi, de quibus fummas, mula die perituraslandes Anglia tibi Rei-herbarie familiam uni- 9 Her fam, medicatricis artis partem, anti quifimum, iacundi (Cineum ey urilif- imum ftudium, revegere cupido, debet. Prifcorumenim Theophratti, Dio- fcoridis, Plinij, & Galenifiripta,pafim toto orbe pervulgata, tanquane a oT fontes , Neotericorum autem, fen rivulos, Brunfelfij, Fuchfij, Tragi, Ru- ellij, Matthioli, Dodonzi, Turneri, Clufij, Dalefcam pi, Camerarij, Tabernemontani, Pen, noftramque nouam methodum cy ordinem, a Gramine & notioribus ad Triticea, gencratim & fpectatim, marerno idiomate, Anglice genti tue cultifine, Reipublica voluptabili commodo, re

” oie , quo ipfa ftimulata, herbarum delitias & hortorum [ian [imum & amen:fimum cultuy;

amplectetur, maximorum Imperatorum, Regum & Heroum tam pref lorum quam nuperorum ex emplo. Nec {atis hoc tibi fuit fed multo magis diafuper preeftitsti, quod copiam multarum elegan- tii wm plantarum in Anelia (ponte na(i atin ab alys hattenus pratermiffi rum, hiftoriam defcripfifti, magna hoc fiudio captorum vtilitate cy oblectamento : Singulas enim regiones pecn lia. res quafdam plantas, 4 , 5 non facile repertas, crenere certum, Neque magni tibi ‘fuit hee iafpectione oe vies Nature types aoffe 3 quippe qua ain herbas indigenas ynquilinas O pereg 7inas cum nuperrime folo crumpentes c pilulantes, tum adultas, femineque prag nantes, hortulo tuo {ub- urbano alwific e fouifti : Exattum cnim cognof:ndarwm ex fizura aut facie [uperficiaria herbarum fiudium acneratim confistit (Diofcorides / r) rhe jv qucntt oO afs dua, tem poris 0782 infpectio. ne, Sedalia eft interioris Cr fubjlantiale forme plantarum, gua oculiscerng non poteft, filers cogn;- t10.; quam etiam, quantum potes percinétando, (enorum Grecorum Medicorum more,aperire cond ris. Solebant autem antiqui {uorum Medicaminum experimenta,in Reipublice vtilitatem, nn tistabellis dare, quilss apud Ephefcos templi fyluatice Diane partetes veflicbamtur Compertum tis am eff Hippocrates difcendi cupianm, permultis regionibus peragrates, idem preftitiffe, Cr in me- thodum commemorabiliorcm reflituiffe c iluftr affe. Melius enim eff Reipublice quam noftris modus profpicere. Non est igitur quod huins inuidiofe procacis etatis conuiciatorces maledici Zoi. 4 tua obtrectent : d difli enimgratis quod potwifiz, catera doc C0 1 Flora Dea meretrice nobili dictis, valetudini & vtil, luptati, valeri 1Ufots. Nowaulli fiqu f uivis plantis ad medendum maxime peceffurijs, gnant wacertis, dubys aut fimplicibus facultates le (vin enim fape fimplex compofitionem ineptam reddit peruertit aut deprauat) quibus nec tuty Hee témere credendum . multoquectiam minus mult herbarum exper tis fallacibus quibus cti- am neque wifi notifSrris morbrs fimplici bus, compofitis cy implicatis, eorune mngque [ent {imis fimp- tomatibus, utendam, ne inoport dium fit. Sumo chim tinm di emptis na cy ho- opifices, textores [elly.. s fcutica dignos , qui 8, [celerato infania lucro, fe Medicos Theophra- eouftarunt, profitentur, Now imuenufte Syluius in hy- iuf{moai hominis inuchit, dum ait; Quam quifque nouit artem, hanc exerceat vnam,atque ex- colat, && totus in ca verfetur, &c. Et {ub fincm prafationis rurfus ait, Faxit Deus vt quifque quam exercet Artem,pernofeat, & Medicus nihil eorum que ad morbos cird &' tutd cu- randos vtilia vel neceflaria effe confueucrunt, ignoret. Preualet Medicus vbi Pharmaco- i fides fulpeca eft qui ipfe fimplicia & compolita pernofcit; imé quam infamiz no- imprudens inurit, dum ignarus horum fimplicium medicamentorum , tanquam afi-

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iS morum Medicorum tadio periclit tis inftitutionibus, Hippocratis Galeni praceptis, per fa witoun ftrages m a ventamenta agunt. Owitto, breuttat 0,U

larios, (or didi v0S ,interpolatores, crrculatores forenf. S profe(Sonibus & mechanicrs artibus fis faftidi fteos, qucm Vix Inguam (ummis labris

& neglect

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mad omnia Pharmacopcei rogata, auribus motis, velutannuit: quid quod illi nvolens Pharmacopeeus illudit. Abfurdiffimus eft ac fepé ridiculus qui me- cit, harum r ignarus ; & Pharmacopceo ignorantiz {ufpeum merité fe

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Medico

Medico quam plurima perfirutandaut [atts (isperqs ad artem medicatricem perdifcendam,annos

pancos haudquaquam fufficere,teftantur ipfius expertentifimi & Diuini fems verba vbi inquit ; Ego enim ad finem Medicine non perueni,etiamfi iam fenex fim. E¢ flatim per initia A- phorif{morum vitam breuem cy artem longam pronuncianuit. Quomodo ergotuto medebuntur mul. tilarwati Medici aut Medicaftri tam repente creati,nulla Medicina parte, Medicamentorumve fa cultatibus perfpectis ? Huinfmodi adula toresalfentatores, dubitatores, rixatores, periclitatores cp Gnathonicos parafiftratos hi iftrionibus qui in traga dys introducuntur fimilimos fecit Hippocrates. Quemadmodum enim illi(inquit) iguram quidem & habitumac perfonam eorum quos teferunt habent,illi ipfi autem vere non funt:Sic & Medicifama quidem & nomine mul - ti,“ reautem & Opere valde pauci. Itaque cum panlo ante Medicinam omninen artinm pre- clariffimam effe dixerit : Verum propter ignorantiam eorum qui cam exercent,& ob vul- gi ruditatem,qui tales pro Medicis indicat & habet;iam eo tes deuveniffe,vt omnium ar- tium longe viliffima cenfeatur. At vero hoc peccatum ob hance potiffimum caufam com- mitti videtur ; foli namque Medicine nulla pena in rebus-publicis ftatuta eft, prater- quam ignominie. Ne animam cy fomam lederit , aut illi infignis ienominia inureretur ob hu. infrnod: ardua c noxia difcrimina,bonus ille cy [yncerus Dodoneus (quamvis multas herbas ex a- lys ce Fuch(iotranfivipferit cwins methodo Ufus eft quermque inchoauerat ut ipfemet mibe retulit, vernacila Germanicainferiort lingua vertere) vuleati{fimispotilfimis iffque paucts ex tot herba. ruin millibus,quinquagenis aut feptuagenis herbis quibus vtebatur, pottus contentus fuit quam in- numer ts (ibi ignotis periclitari : melius enim omnino medicamento Carere,abftinere,¢ nature com mittere,quan abuti.V tinam huius nostra etates quamplures anfo potiti, medicinam factitantes,eo frudio, candore & voto mederentur : his id forfitan nequaquam enenerit quod Philofophes( Hippo- crate defuncto) dificpulis [is inexpertis o parum adhuc exercitatis medendo,id eft necando(vt me- movie traditum eft)contingit: quamobrem ars Medica Athenis,Roma cy per vainer {am Gracian centum cy feptuaginta anms interdicta et exul uit. Merito igitur caute et tute acendum : Opiatis et Diagrediatis,Colocynthide,T: ithymalis,Efula,Lathyride,- Mercurio, Stibio, & fimilibus mole« Sriffimis fimplicibres cum cantione vtendum : optimis ducibus e experientif[ime {evioribus pra- ceptoribus adharendum,quoris [ub vexillis ‘fidifSime ey tutiffime rara cy praclara,ob barbaviem fe- re extincta,patrum & anorum remedia,maximo et priftino artis ornamento et proxtmi vtilitatere- nouantur,et in vim renocantursneglectis fpretis et exclafis Empiricis verbofis inuidiolis.fiefpenfis, ambagiofis et exitiofis opinionibus quibus Mundus immundus regitur et labitur , qui cum decipi velit ,decipiatur:in cuius fallacias perappofite finxit et cecinit olim hos verficulos eruditifvimnus col~ lega D Jacobus Paradifus nobilis Gandanenfis alludens ad nomen tanti wer [utilfimi herois Noftran dami § alonenfis Gallo-prowincie, Noftra-damus cum verba damus quia fallere nostrum ; Et cum verba damus nil aifi Noftra-damus.

Vale, Londini ipfis Calendis Decemb. 1597.

Epift.ad De» mocritum,

S¢ Multi mae lunrvideri quameffe,

Se

———

In GERARD TI Botanologian Pepe rULLOVe Ltimus ecce Gerardus : at edit an optimus herbas ? Quid ni? non notas fed dedit ille novas. Ergo ne inuideas, videas cum nomen Cy omen gutsy ty MIKI eft ardua quanta Zerit. Odme yay ge renee ek pase ra TE ypc 7 TASH: Sic liber eft promus, condus vt hortus erat. Et yaitw dps calumaque folumq; fubegit. TO y' dpe Seamsorug a'pulier OH YK pate ANTONIVS HVNTONVS, Medicinz candidatus.

Ad Tohaanem Gerardum Chirurgum Herbari. uma, peritifsimum,

N Vila oculos hominum fpecies magisallicit illa,

Quam praftante manu duxit generofus Apelles, Nulla aures animo!que magis facundia, quam que Se fufam loquitur Ciceronis ab ore diferti: Hee eademhunclibrum commendat caufa, Gerarde, Cui pro laude fatis cali natum effe parente, Artifices cui inter dextras pro numine,nomen Nobilius reliquis herb, planteq ;magiftris. Illi ecenim Europz fuccos, Afigque liquores Queque arentefolo fitiens parit Africa,traftant : ‘Tuvererum inuentis noua confuis omnia, fi qua Indus veerque dedit noftram fotura falucem, Sive aliunde vehit noftras mercator ad oras, Hocipfo veilius,Quia que funt credita {criptis, Illamanu expertus medico,& bene diues ab horto Explorata diumultumg;¢mittis in auras, Que curenthominum languentia corpora, multi Praeftancefq; viri docuere fidelirer artem. Sed fi fuftuleris plantas,quem verba ivabunt Sicanimo,fic fronte minax.In prlia miles Profilit,at ftriGto cedit vitoria ferro Que tibi pro tanto cedit viéteria ferro Pramia perfoluct,Myrtilauriq; coronas ? Iftam nouic edax mercedem abolere veruftas. At tibi pro {tudio impenfifque Iaboribus iftis, ucis hominum curas {ercam teétamq; falutem, Ille opifex rerum, cuftofq; authorg ;falutis Eterna ftatuic frontem redimire corona. G.Lanneus Medicus.

Tz historiam plantarum, \o.Gexardi cinés Chirargi Londixenfis, M.lacobi thonftonij Scori Ballinerife Regi pegi port io- nary Epigramma, LD Eline, quer vaftis pomaria montibus Atlas Clauferat(Hefperij munera rara foli) Auratis folijs auratos define ramos Mirari,& ramis pendula poma fuis, Singula cum Domino periere,& Gorgone vifo In montis riguit vefcera verfus Atlas. Alcinoi perijt qui,cedat penfilis hortus, Quem celebrat prifci temporis aurafugax > Yna Gerardini fpecies durabilis horti A®rerno fame marmore fculpta manet. Hic quicquid Zephyrus produxit,quicquid & Eurus, , Antiquus quicquid & novus orbis haber, Inculic in patriam naturamq; exprimaicarte + Sic nullo cedit terra Britanna folo.

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Quod magiseft Graium & Latium concluditinyno Margine,& Anglorum iam facit ore loqui : Sic eric zteynum hine-vt viuas,horte Gerardr, Cultoris ftudio nobilicace am.

In Plantarum hiftoriam,a [olertifimo viro,Reiq, Herbaria peri- tiffimo,D , lohanne Gerardo, Anglice edstam Epigramma,

Gregiam certé faudem,d ecusimmortale refertis Tu,(ocijq;tui,magnum & memorabile nomen (Illuftris D EV O R AX) raproribus orbis IBERIS Deuictis clatle Anglorum; Tuqu¢e (Dicafta Maxime EGERTON E)vetetem fuperans Rhadamanthum, HEROVM mnerito jus.e, centendus in albo, NecJausveltra minor (fact pictatis alumni) Qui mente’ hominum diuina pafcitis efca, Ornatis Patriam cunéti,nomengq; Britannum Augetis, vobi(q; viam munitis ad aftra. : Quinagite, in partem faltem permicticehonorls Phoebei veniant Vates,qui pellere gnari Agminamorborum, humane infidiancia vite, Huius & ingentes,ferena fronte labores ANGLO-D1OSCORIDIS, Patriz,veltreg; faluci Ricipite exhauttos : paulum huc diuortite in HORT OS uos CH ORT EI A colit,quos Flora exornat, & omnes Natades,& Dryades,Charites,Nymphzq; Britannz. Corporibus hicgratg falus,animisq; voluptas. : Hic laxate animos WN BITAVITNVMENINHORTIS,

FranHering Med. SRE NYS SA ES a ae

Thonias Newtonus,Ceftrefhyrius,D. lo, Geratdo, amie co non vulgari, Se

p™ tot ab ingenuis confcripra volumina myitis, ‘Herbarum vires qui referare docent, Tu tandem prodis Spartamq;hanc gnaviter ornas, Dum reliquis palmam praripuilfe tudes. Nec facis hoc,rutilo ve poflis ditarier auro, Nec tibi vt accrefcar grandis acervus opum 5 Sed prodelffe volens,vefticos gramine colles Perluftras,&agros, frondiferumq;nemus, Indeq; Ponias (apis inftar)colligis herbas, Ing; tutim ftirpes congeris alueolum. Mille tibi {pecies plantarum,milleq; notes Hortulus indicio eft,quem colisipfe domi. Pampinee vites,redolens cedrus, innuba laurus, Nota tibinotaeft pinguis oliua tibi. Balfama,narcy/lus,rhododaphne,nardus,amomum, Saluia,diétamnus, galbana nota tibi. Quid multis? radix, ftirps, lds cur cortice ramus, Spicaq; cum filiquis eft bene nota tibi. Grarulor ergo tibi,canétifq;(Gerarde) Bricanniss Namptwicoq; tuo gratulor,atq; meo. Nam Ceftrelhyryj teac me. genuere parentes, Tu meliore ramen fydere natus cras. Mae animo,pergafq; precor,coeprumng; laborem Vige etiam vltetius.Viuitur ingenic. Auum habeancalij,gemmas, nicidofq; pyropos, Plantas qi & flores (cribe Gerarde, Vale.

Vere & ex animotuns, Tho. Newton, Ufordenfis

lip pms.

To the well affeded Reader and perufer of this Booke,St.Bredwell Phyfition,

greeung,

8 Pen the campe of glorie and honour for all men,faith the younger Pliny: war onely men of great birth and dignitie, or men of office endued with publique charge andtttles,are feene therein,and haue the carland of praife and prefers % ment waiting to Crowne their merits out euen the common fouldrer Likewife: MY fo as hewhofe name andnotewas erft all obfcure, may by egregious atts o

Gr, valour obtaine a place among the noble. The fthoole of (cience keepeth fembla- ‘B8 ble proportion: mbofe amplitude,as not alwazes nor anely, men of great titles and degrees labour to illuftrate, (owhofoencr doth, may confidently account

of, at the leaft his name to bezmmortall. What ts he then that will aenie his voice of gracious co m- mendation tothe Authors of tht Booke : to entry one,no doubt, there ts due a condig ne meafures tf Teac The firft gatherers out of the Antients and augmentors by their owne paines, haue alreadie fpread Pens, the odour of their good names,through all the Lands of learned habitations.D., Prickt,for his tran «

Saad fiation of fo much as Dodonzus, hath thereby loft a tombe for bis honorable fepulture. M.Gerard ee comming laft,but not the leaft,hath many wares accommodated the whole worke vato our Englifh Nation : for this Hiftorie of Plants,as it ts richly replemfhed by thofe fiwe mens labours laied to.

gether, fo yet could it full ill have wanted that new acceffion he hath made vuto it, Many things hath

Be nouri ifhed in his garden,and obferued in onr Englifb fields, that neuer came into their pennes ta

write of Againe,thegrcateft number of thefé plants hauing neuer been written of in the Englifh

; tongue,would haue wanted names for the vulzar fort to call them by : inwhich defect he hath bin

curroufly carefull,touching both ald and new names to make fupply. And left the Reader Should too

often lang uifh with frnftrate defire,te finde fome plant be readeth,ofrarevertue, he ‘fpareth not to

tell (if himfelfe haye (eene tt in England)in what wood, pafture or ditch the fame may befeene and

“ ii. gathered, Which when 1thinke of and therewithall remember with what cheer efull alacritie, and refolute attendance he hath many yeares tilled this ground, and now brought forth the fruit of it,

whether 1 fhould more commend his great diligence to attaine this skillor his large bencuolence in

beffowing it on his countrie,l cannot cafily determine. This bovke-birth thus brong bt forth by Ge-

tatd,as st is informe anddifpofition faire and comely, encry {pecies being referred to his likelieft

Benus,of whofe locke it came : fo wit accomplifbed with furpalfing varietie, vato uch [preading

growth and flrength of enery lim,as that it may feeme fome heroicall Impe of illuftrions race, able

to draw the cies andexpectation of emery man unto it. Somewhat rareit will be bere for 2 man to

mone 2 queftion of this nature,abd depart againe without fome good fatisfuttion.M a nifold will be

the ufe both to the Phylition andothers: for encry man adclighteth inknowledge naturally whish (as

Leert.l.s, Ariftotle fasd):s in profperitre ai ornament ia aducrfitie arefuge. But this booke aboue many 0- { Sap.te thers will fate with the moft ,becanfe it both plenteon|ly mnifireth kuowledge, which ts the food of the minde,and doth it alfo with a familiar and pleafing tafe to eucry capacitie. Now as this com- moditie ts communicated to all,and many fhall receine much fruit thereof, {01 wifb fome may hane hat wt might not berruc in all that Luvenall faith, Scire vo-

hes,mercedem folucie nemo: (1.) All defireto know, noneto yeeld reward. Let sof this knowledge isthe high aduancement of the health of man that ; t by flrong indevar : neither can firong indeuor be accomplifbed without free maintenance.T his hath not he,who ts forced to labour for his daily bread » but if hee,

who from the fhort houres of his daily and nece(farie traucll stealing as it were fonse for the publike } bchoofe,and fetting at length thofe pecces together, can bring forth focomely a garment as thisymect fo coucr or put away the ignorance of many - what may be thought hewould do, if publicke mainte-

} nance did free him from that pest? care,aadvnite histhouehts to bewholly intent tothe general!

i 800d. 0 Keaderif fuch men as thesfficke not to rob thewifelucs of (uch wealth as thou bafte toinrich | thee, with that [(ubftancethouwantef? detract not ta fhare out of thine aboundance to merit and ci. { courage their paines : that fo fluxible riches,andpirmancnt riences may the one become 4 prop vit- Cie. OFe1, gotheother. Alt hough praife and reward ioined as companions to frustfullendeuors, are (in part) . i 4 defired of all men,that undertake loffes labour s,or dangers for the publique behoofe : becaufe they Simplic. ; wes (as 1t were )unto reafon,and able her more and more to refine her felfe+ yet doe they

Plin.Yun,

| Be :

Yuuenal.7, Gat.

aad comn.ia

wot wmbrace that honour in re[pect of it felfe nor in re(pect ofthofe that conferredit upon them, but as

a ee as haning thereby an argument in themfelues, that there is (omething in them worthy eftimation

among men : which then doubleth their diligence to deferue zt more abundantly, Admirable and

for the imitation of Princes; was that adt of Alexander, who {esting Axiftotle to compile com Plin.fi@, mentaries ofthe bruit creatures, allowed him for the better performance thereof, certaine thoy. °?™* fands of men, in all Afia and Greece, wmoft skilful obfexnors of [uch things »t0.giue him informati- on touching all beasts, fifhes, foules, ferpeats, and flres. What came of it ? LA booke written,where. in all learned men in all ages fince do exercife themfelues principally, for the knowledge ofthe crea, tures. Great isthe number of thofe that of their owne private haute laboured in the fame matter, from bis age downe to our prefent time,which all do not in comparifon [atisfie vs. Whereas ifin thofe enfuing aces there had rifew till new Alexanders, there (Certainely) would not haye wanted Ariftotles co bane made the enidence of thofe things an hundred fold more cleered vato vs, thai now they be, Whereby you may perceive the unequal effects that follow rhofe vnfitable cauifes of publike ‘and priuate matntenances unto laboars and Pudies Now that t might not difpaire in this m exhortation, fee examples of this munificence in our age to gine me comfort : Ferdinand the Em.

‘ i ; gs Gryllus in eror and Cotmus Medices Prince of Tufcane are herein reciflred for furthering this {eience of orat. de pere=

plants, in following of it themfclues and becomming skilfall therein : which courfe of theirs could ea Aidiy mes not be holden without the fiipporting and aduancing of [uch as were fludious to excell inthis kinde, °° Bellonius /skemife (whom for honours vaufe 1 name) a man of high attempts in aaturall(cience, Bellon. de greatly extolleth hs Kings liberalitie, which endued him with frce leifure to. follow the fludieof nee as plants feconded alfo herein by Moritmorencie the Conftable, the Cardinals Caftilion aad Lor. ““P°"'” taine, with Oliuerius the Chancellor -by whofe meanes he was enabled to performe thofe his notable pereerinations 17 ttaly, Africa and Afta : the (weet frust whereof, ase hane recciued fame tafte by his obftruartoas,fowe fhould plemeoufly hae been filled with them,zf violent death by moft accurfed vobbers had not cut him off.And as 1 finde thefe examples of comfort in forreine nations,fowe are (I confe([c) much tobe thankfullto God, for the experience we bane of the like things at home, If (newertheleffe) vito that Phyficke lecture Lately [o well erected, menwho haue this worlds goods hall baue hearts alfo of that fpirit,to adde [oree ing enious labourer in the skill of fimples, they Shall mightily augment and adorne the whole {cience of Phyficke. But if to that likewifé they ioine a thirdamely the art of Chimicall preparation that out of thofe good creatures which God hath gine n man for his health pure {ubftances may be procured for thofe that be ficke, (I feare not to fay # though I fee how Momus fcorneth) thes prefent eener ation mould purchafemore to the perfecti- on of Phyficke,than all the generations paft fince Galens time hane done : that I Say nothing of this one fruit that would grow thereof, to wit,the difcouering and abolifbing of thefé pernitious impo. tures and [ophiftications which mount promifing Paracelfians encry where obtrude,through want of a true and couftant light among us to difterne them by. In which behalfe, remembrine the mourifull ppeech of erane Hippocrates; Theart of Phyficke truly excelleth all arts, howbe- Hipp.deLege: it, through the ignorance partly of thofe that exercife it, and partly of thofe that iudge rathly of Phyfitions,it is accounted ofall arts the moft inferiour: Z (ay in like man- nershe art of Chimiftrie isin it felfethe wsoft noble inftrument of naturall knowledges but through the ignorance c impiety partly of thofe that moft andacion|ly profelfe it without skill,and ‘partly of Sr ie them that impudently condemne that they know not, it is of all others moft bafely defpifed and corn. fully rejected. A principall remedy toremone. {uch contumelious diferace from thefe two pure vir. Sins of one flocke andlinage, isthis that 1 haue now in(inuated, even by erecting the laboratory of an induftrious Chimift by the fiveet carden of flourifbing fimples. The Phyficke reader by their meanes fhall not oncly come furnifhed with authorities of the Ancients, and fenfible probabilities for that he teacheth, but with reall demon|trations alfoin many things, which the reafon of man without the light ofthe fornace would newer hane reached unto. Thane vttered my hearts defire, for promoting fir the perfection of my profefion, andnext by nece(fary confequence, the healthie lines of men, If God open mens hearts to prowide for the former, it cannot be but thatthe happy fruits Jball be feene in the later. Let the ingenious lcarned indge whether I hane reafon on my fide : the partial addicted fect I foun, as men that neuer meane good to

pofteritie.

te

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George

gh nen ete tp a es

_

George Baker, one of her MA aiefties chiefe (hirurgions in ordinarie,and <M. of the (hirurgions of the Cutie of London,to the Reader.

Riffotle,a Priace amongf{t the Philofophers, writing in his Me -<} taphyficks of thenature of mankind, faith that man is natural- ly inclined and defirous of fcience. The which fentence doth teach vs,that all creatures (being vertuoufly giuen) doe {triue to attain to perfection,and draw neare in what they can to the

NEB Creator ; and this knowledge is one of the principal] parts which doth concerne the perfection of ynderftanding : for of the fame doth fol- Jow, that al] fuch are generally inclined te know the meanes by the which they may conferue their life,health,and reputation, And although 1t be neceflarie for man to learneand know all {ciences,yet neuerthelefle the knowledge of natural] philofophie ought to be preferred,as being the moft neceflarie ; and moreouer it doth bring with ita fingular pleafureand contentment. The firlt inuentor of this knowledge was Chiron the Centaure,of great renowne,fonneto Sarurne and Phillyre cand others fay thatit was inuented of Apollo: & others of E/culape his fon; eftceming that fo excellent a fcience could neuer proceed but from the gods im- tortall and that it was impoflible for man to finde out the nature of Plants, if

the great worker,whichis God,had not firftinftru@ed and taught him. For, as

Pliny @ith,if any thinke that thefe things haue bin inuented by man.heis vngrate- full for the workes of God. The firft that we can learn of among the Greekes that haue diligently written of herbes,haue bin Orpheus, Mufaus,and Hefiode, hauing bin taught by the Egyptians : then Pythagoras of great renowne for his wifedom, which did write bookes of the nature of Plants, and did acknowledge to learne the fame from Apollo and B/cuslape. Demorrite alfo did compote bookes of Plants, hauing firft trauelled ouer all Perfia,Arabia,Ethiopia, and Egypt. Many other excellent {pirits haue taken great pleafure in this {cience, which to accomplifh haue hazarded their liues in paffing many ynknowne regions, to learne the true knowledge of Elleborus,and other Medicaments:of which number were Hippo= crates ,Crateua,Aviftorle,Theophraf? ,Diocles Cariftins Pamphylus,Moncius Hierophile, Diofcorides Galen, Pliny,and many others,which I leaue to name,fearing to be too long.And ifI may{peake without partialitie ofthe Author of this book, his great paines,his no lefle expences in travelling far and neere for the attaining of his skill haue bin extraordinarie.F or he was neuer. content with the knowledge of thofe fimples which grow inthofe parts, but vpon his propet coftand charges hath had out ofall parts ofthe world all the rare fimples which by any means he could attaine vnto,not onely to haue them brought,but hath procured by his ex- cellent knowledge to hauethem growing inhis garden, which as the time of the yeare doth ferue may be feene: for there thall you fee all manner of ftrange trees, herbes,roots plants, floures,and otherfuch rare things,that it would make aman wonder, how one of his degree,not haning the purfe of a number, could ever accomplifhthe fame proteft ypon my cenfcience,I do not think for the know- ledge of Plants,that heisinferiour to any : for! did once fee him tried with ofie of the beft {trangers that ever came into England, afd was accounted in Paris the onely man,being recommended vato me by that famous man Mafter Avab.

z Parews,

Pareus 3 and he being here was defirous to goe abroad with fome of our Herba- rifts, for che which I was the meane to bring them together; and one whole day we {pent therein, fearching the rareft Simples : but when it came to the triall,my French man did not know one to his foure. What doth this man deferue thar hath talcen fo much paines for his countrey, in fetting our a booke, that to this day neuer any in what language foeuer did the like? Firft for corre@ting their faults in {o many hundred places, being falfly named, miftaken the one for the other ; and then the pictures ofa great number of plants now newly cut, Ifthis man had taken this paines in Italy and Germany, where Marthiolus did write, he fhould hawe fped as well as he did ; For (faith he)I had fo grear a defire ever to fi- nith my Booke, that I never regarded any thing in refpeét of the publique good, not fo much as to thinke how | fhould finith fo great a charge,which I had neuer carried out, but that by Gods flirring vp of the renowned Emperour Ferdinando of famous memorie,and the excellent Princes had not helped mee with great fiims of money, fo that the Commonwealth may fay, That this bleffing doth ra- ther proceed of them than from me. There haue been alfo other Princes of Al- maine which haue bin liberal in the preferring of this Book, and the moft excel. lent EZ leGtor of the Empire the Duke of Saxonie, which {ent me by his Poft much _ monytoward my charges : the liberalitie of the which and the magnificence to- ward me I cannot commend fufficiently. They which followed in theirtiberali- tie were the excellent Fredericke Count Palatine of the Rhine , and the excellent

Joachim Marqucs of Brandeburg, which much fupplied my wants: and the like -

did thereuerend Cardinall and Prince of Trent,and the Excellent Archbithop of Saltzperg, the Excellent Dukes of Bauare and Cleues,the duke of Megapolen- cis Prince of Vandalis, the State Republique of Noremberg, the libezalitie of whom ought to be celebrated for euer : and it doth much reioice me that I had the helpe and reward of Emperors, Kings, Electors of the Roman Empire,arch- dukes, Cardinalls, Bifhops, Dukes and Princes, for it giveth more credit to our Labors than any thing thatcan be faid. Thus far Matthiolus his owne writing of the liberalitie of Princes towards him. What age do we liue in here that wil fuf= fer all vertue to go ynrewarded ? Mafter Gerard hath taken more pains than euer Matthiolus did in his Commentaries, and hath corre@ted a number of faults that hepaffed ouer; and I dare affrme(in reuerence be it fpoken to that Excellent man) that Mafter Gerard dath know a great number of Simples that were not knowne in his time : and yet I doubt whether he fhall tafte of the liberalitie of either Princ , Duke, Earle, Bifhop, or publique Eftate. Let aman excell neuer fo much in any excellent knowledge, neuertheles many times*he is not fo much tegatded asa lefter, a Boafter, a Quackfaluer or Mountebanke : for {uch kinde of men can flatter, diflemble, make of trifles great matters, in praifing of this rate fecret, or that excellent {pirit, or this Elixer or Quinteffence ; which when it fhall come tothe triall, nothing R fhal befound but boafting words: Fb bB Lsiess

a9 ta

ii) i { ?

—

es

=

’ To the courteous and well willing Readers,

Lthough my paines haue not been fpent (curteous Reader) inthegraciows difconerie of golden Mines, nor inthe tracing after filuer veines, whereby my natine country might be enriched with (uch merchandife as it hath moft in requeft and adusirate- ons, yet hath my labour (Itruft) been otherwife profitably employed, in defarying of

S| (uch a harmlefe treafure of herbes,trees, and plants, as the earth frankely without

violence offereth unto oxr moft neceffarie vfes. Harmcleffe I call them, becaufé

they werefach delights as man in the perfecteft ftate of bis innocencie did exft inioy : and tredfure 4

may well terme them, feeing both Kings and Princes hane eftcemed them as lewels ; fith wifé mem

{ hane made their whole life as a pilgrimage to attaine tothe knowledge of them : by the which they

| haue gained the hearts of all and opened the mouthes of many, in commendation of thoferare vertues ey a coutained in theféterreftriall creatures. Iconféffe blind Plutas now adayes more fought

i after than quicke fighted Phoebus : ana yet this dufly mettall,or excrement of the earth (which was

i fir ft deepely buried leaft it fhould be an eye-fore to gritue the vee heart of wan) by forcible extr

ii ‘made into the bowels of the earth, is rather fiatched at of manto bis owne deftruction, than direét,

i Sent of God, to the comfort of this life. And yet behold in the compafsing of this worldly ane care, what coft, what aduentures, what my fticall proofes, and chymicall trsals are {et abroach wher as notwith/tanding the chiefeft end is but vacertaine wealth, Contrariwife,in the expert knowledge

a : of herbes, what pleafures ftill renewed with varietie ? what fmallexpence ? what [ecurity ? and yet

what an apt andordinary meanes to condudt man tothat moft defired benefit of health ? Which as I

Aenoutly wife unto my native countrey, andto the carefull nurfing mother of the fame f° hauing

bent my labours to the benefiting of {uch as are fiudioufly prattifed in the conferuation thereof, £ thought it a chiefe point of my duty, thus ont of my poore fore tooffer up thefe my far fetched expes

it riments, together with mine omne countrics unknowne treafire, combined in this compendions Hers

: ball (not unprofitable though vapolifhed) vata your wife conftructions and courteous confiderations,

The drift whereof isaready introduction to that excellent art of S impling which is neither fo bafe nor contemptible as perhaps the Englifh name may (eeme to intimate : but [uch it is, as altogether hath been a fiudy for the wifeft, an exercife for the nobleft, a paftime for the beft. From whence there ibring flonres not onely to adornetheg arlands of the Mufes, to decke the bofomtes of the beauti~

' full, to paint the gardens of the curious,to garnilh the glorious crownes of Kings ; but alfofuch fruit

H as learned Diofcorides long tranelled for , and princely Mithridates reférucd a6 precious in his

\ } owne clofet : Mithridates I smeane, better knowne by his foueraigne Mithridate, than by his form.

time {peaking two andtwenty languages. But what this famous Prince did by tradition, Eurax king

of the Arabians did deliner ina difcourfe written of the vertwes of herbes, and dedicated it unto the Emperor Nexo. Enery greene Herbarift-can make mention of the herbe Lylimachia, whofé

} vertues were fered, out by King Lyfimachus, and his vertues no le(fe. erernifed in thefelfe fume

: plant, than the name of Phy dias, quecntly beaten into the fhield of Pallas, or the firft letters of A-

jax or Hyacinthus (whether you pleafe) regiftred in that beloned floure of Apollo. As for Ar-

temifia, fir ft called nase, whether ihe title auc risass “Aprauss Diana her felfe, or from the renowned Queene of Caria, which difilofed the vfe thereof unto poferitie, it faruineth as a

j monument toreuzuethe memories ef thens both for ener. What fhouldwe (peake of Gentiana, bea-. ring ftillthe cognifance of Gentius ? or of diners other herbes taking their denominations of their i princely Inuentors ? What fhould I fay of thofé royall perfonages, Tuba, A ttalus, Climenus, A.

\ i chilles, Cyrus, Mafyniffa, Semyramis, Dioclefian ? but onely thus, to befpeake their princely

loves to Herbarifie, and their enerlafting honors (which neither old Plinius dead, nor youg Li pfi-

ae

uslixing will permit to die? ) Crefcent herbe, crefcetis amores : crefcent herbe, crefcetis a { honores. But hadthis monted facultie wanted the authorifement of (ich aroyall companie , Kin

| Solomon, excelling all the reft for wifdome, of greater royaltie than they all (though the Lillies of

\ the ficldout-braned hinz) he oly (I fay )might yeeld hereunto fufficient countenance and commenda-

tion, in that his lofty wifedome thought no corne to ftoupe vata the lowly plants. I 1ift nor feceke the

; common

= Tothe Reader.

common colours of antiquitie, when notwithftanding the world can brag of no more amtient Monn.

ment than Paradife and the garden of Eden: and the fruits ofthe earth may contend for [eizniori. tie, [ecing their mother was the firft Creature that conceined, and they themfelues the firft fruzt fhe brought forth. Talke of perfect happine(fe or pleafure, and what place was{o fit for chat as the Gar~

den place where Adam was {et to be the Herbarift ? Whither did the Poets bunt for their fincere ds- lights, but into the gardens of Alcinous,of Adonis, and the orchards of Hefperides > Where did they dreame that Heauen fhould be, but in the pleafant garden of Elyfium 2 Whither do all men walke for their honeft recreation, but thither where the earth hath molt beneficially painted her face with flosrifhing colours ? And what (eafon of the yeare more longed for than the S pring, whofecen- tle breath enticeth forth the kindely fweets, and makes them yeeld their fragrant {mells ? who would therefore looke dangeroufly vp at Planets, that mic ht fafely looke downe at Plants ? And if true he the old prowerbe, Que {upra nos, nihilad nos ; 7 fuppofe this new fajing cannot be falfe, Que

infra nos, camaximeéad nos. Eaffe therefore is thistreafire to be gained, and yet pretious. The rience ts nobly fupported by wife and Kingly F auorites : the fubiechthercof (0 necelfary and delecta. ble, that nothing can be confected either delicate for the tafte, daintie for finell, pleafant for fight, wholefome for body, confer uatine or reftoratiue for health, but it borroweth the relifh of an herbe, the fanonr of aflonre, the colour of aleafe, the inice of a plant, or the decoction of aroot. Andfuch is the treafure that this my Treatife ts furnifhed withall, whercin though myne _Arthe not able to counter watleNature in hey linely portraitures , yet have I counterfeited likenes for life, Jhapes and fhadowes Sor filftance, being ready with the bad Painter to explaine the imperfections of my penfil with my pen. chufing rather to {core upon my pictures (uch rude marks as may defiribe my meaning, than to derthebcholder tague|[ at randome and miffe. I haue here therefore fet downe not onely the names of -fundry Plants, but alfo their natures their proportions and properties, their affects and effects, | theirincreafe and decreafe, ther flourifhing and fading, their diftiné# varieties and feuerall quali- ties, as well of, thofewhich our ewne Countrey yeeldeth, as of others which I bane fetched further, oy drawneout by perufing diners Herbals fet forth in other languages, wherein none of my country-men hath tomy knowledgetaken any paines, fince that excellent Worke of M after Doctor Turner. After which time Mafter LytéaWorfhipfull Gentleman iranflated Dodonzus ont of French into Eng. . lifh : and fince that, Doétor Priett,one of our London Colledge hath (as.1 heard) tranflated the laft Bdition of Dodoneeus, and meant to publifh the (ime ; but being preuented by death, bis tran flaté~ onlikewi(e perifhed. Laftly my felfe, one of the lealt among many, bane prefimmed to fet forth vato the view of the world, the fir(t fruits of the(é myne owne Labours, which if they be [uch as may con. 5 tent the Reader, I fhallthinke my felfewell rewarded, otherwife there isno man to be blamed bat my felfe, being aworke I confe(fe for greater Clerkes to undertake : yet may my blunt attempt [erue as a

whetfloneto (it anedgevpon (ome fharper wits, by whom I wilh this my courfe Difcour{e might be

both fined and refined. Faults I confe(fehawe efcaped, forme by the Printers onerfight, fome through

defects in my {élfe to performe fogreat aWorke, and (ome by meanes ofthe greatne(feof the Labour,

andthat Iwas conftrained to feeke after my living being voidof friends to beare fore part of the bure

then. The rather therefore accept this at my hands (louing Conatrey-men) as a token of my good

mill; andl iruft that the beft and well minded wil not rafbly condenene me,although forme thing hane

paffed worthy reprehenfion. But as for the flanderer or Enuiois I palfe not for them, but returne up-

on themfelues any thing they fhall without caufe either murmure ia corners , or iangle in fecre-.

Farewell,

ae

| i } i j }

|

From my Houfe in Holborn within the Suburbs of London, this firft of December, 1597-

ye, es

ee

Thy fincere and unfeigned Friend,

loun GERARD:

eens aint egtion

jes, we.

qq 2 16

_

i

——

Solomon,

Theophrajtus.

Lucd. Batan, 1613.

Excufiab Hear. Steph, 1593s

TO THE READER.

courteoms READER,

Here are many things which I thinke needfull to impare vnto thee, both concerning the knowledge of plants in generall, asalfo for the eA better explaining of fome things pertinent to this prefent Hiftorie, M which I haue here fet forth much amended and enlarged. For the ge. nerall differences, affe tions, &c. of Plants, I hold itnot now fo fitting nor neceflatie for me to infift vpon them ; neither doe I intend inany large difcourfe to fet forth their many and great vfes and vertues giue me leaue onely totell you, That God of his infinit goodneffe and bountie hath by the medium of Plants, beftowed almoft all food,clothing,and medicinevpon man. And to this off-{pring we al- fo owe (for the moft part) our houfes,fhipping,and infinite other things, though fome of them Protews like haue run through diuers fhapes,as this paper wereon [ write, that firft from feed became Flax; then after much vexation thred,then cloath,where it was curand mangled to ferue the Fafhions of thetime: but afterwards rejected and caftafide, yet vawilling foto forfake the feruice of man forwhich God had created it, againe it comes {as I may terme it) tothe Hammer,from whence it takes a morenoble forme and apti- tude to be imployed to Sacred, Ciuill, Forreineand Domefticke vfes. I will not {peake of the many and various obiedts of delight that thefe prefent to the fenfes, nor of fundry other things, which I could plentifully inthis kinde deliuer: butrather acquaint you from what Fountaines this Knowledge may be drawne, by fhewing what Authours haue deliuered to vs the Hiftorie of Plants, and after what manner they haue done it, and this will be a meanes that many controuerfies may be the more eafily vnderftood by the leffe learned and judicious Reader.

He whofe name we firft finde vpon record (though doubtleffe fome had treated therof before that largely writ of Plants,was the wifeft of men,ecuen King So/omonwho certaine- lywould not haue medled with this fubie@,ifhe in his wifedome had not knowne it wor- thy himfelfe,and exceeding fitting: Firft for the honour ofhis Creator, whofe gifts and bleffings thefeare’: Secondly for the good of his Subieés,whercofwithout doubr,he in this worke had a fpeciall regard in the curing of their difeafes and infirmities. But this kingly worke being loft, I will not infift vpon it,but come to fuchas are yet extant, of which (following the courfe of antiquitie) that of Theophraflus firft takes place.

Now Theophraflus {ucceeded CA7iffotle in the gouernement of the Schoole at Athens, about the 114 Olymp.which was fome 322 yeares before Chrift. He among many other thingswrita Hiftorie of Plants inten bookes,and of the caufes of them,eight bookes;of the former ten there are nine come to our times reafonable perfe &; but there now remain but fix of the eight of the caufes of Plants. Some looking vpon the Caralogueof the bookes of TAcophrajus his writing, {et forth inhis life, written by Diogenes Laertius, may wonder that they finde no mention of thefe bookes of Plants, amongft thefehe reckons vp,and indeed I thought it fomewhat ftrange,and fo much the more,becaufe this his life is fet forth by Daniel Heinfius before his * Edition of Theophraflus, and there alfo no men- tion neither in the Greeke nor Latine of thofe workes. Coniidering this, I thinking to haue faid fomething therof I found the doubt was long fince cleared by the learned Cay- fabone in his notes vpon “ Laertins,where pag. 331. for tei puantricpc,and yymtr ends, hee wifhes you to reade Mer eoneiv spr and em% Thus being certaine of the Authour,let mee fay fomewhat of the work,which though by the iniurie of time it hath futfered much,

yet is it one of the chicfe picces of Antiquitie, from whence the knowledge of Plants is to

+ SSS ese sisianenasianiesasciieeissisasesarsrvascaees >=

Tothe Reader.

— —

writing ,foraccording as 4riftorle hath deliueredihis Hiftoria Animalium, fo hath hee fer

ai

sini diawnes. Theophra fis as he followed Ariftotle inthe Schoole;fo alfoin his manner of

forth this of Plants,not by. writing of each fpecies in particular, but of their differences and Theoph.Hif.

naturesby their parts,affections, generations and life. Which how harda thing it was, hee tells you in hisfecond Chaptet,and renders you this reafon, Becaufe there ss nothing common to all Plants,as the mouth and belly is to ather living creatures,8cc. Now by this mannet of wri- ting you may learne the generall. differences and affeAionsof Plants,burcannot come to the particular knowledge ofany without much labour : for you muft goe to many places to gathervp the defcription’ of one Plant: neither doth hee, (nor is it neceffarie for any writing in this mannet)make mention of any great number, and of many it may bec but once. His workes being in Grecke were tranflated into Latine by Theodore Gaza,who did them but Greca fide for he omitted fome things, otherwhiies rendred them contraty tothe minde of the Author :burabouc all, he tooke to. himfel fe too much libertie in giuing of names in imitation of the Grecke,or of his owne:inuention, when it had beene better by much for his Reader ta.haue had them in the Grecke,as when he renders ‘Baanipior, Agitato- rium, inosine, Solaris, 8cc. The learned Julius Scaliger hath fet forth ‘Animaduerfiones vpon thefe bookes,wherein he hath both much explained the minde of F heophraftus,and fhew- ed ithe ertours of Gaza. Some fince his time haue promifed to do fomething to this Au- thor,as Danjel Hernfins,and Spicelins,put twentie yeares are paft: fince, and T haye not yet heard. ofany thing done in this kinde by either of them. Thus much for Theophraftus. Letmenotpafic ouer zi ffotle in filence,though his bookes writ of this fubie@ were but two,and thefe according tothe conie ture of Julius Scaliger (who hath made a large and curious examination of them)haue either perithed,or come to vs notas they were o: siginallywritten-by Arifforle but as they hauebeen by fome later man put into Greeke, Among ftotherthings Scaliger hath thefe concerning thofe two bookes : Reor & textring Theophraftintetracta fila quedam,i(q, clavos additos tametfi mequeraureos, neque purpurcos. Quad Si protinus antorer tib: dari us ad Arabum dilicentiam — accedit: And afterwards thus : sAttribuere viri doctisalius alij, at quidem qui aliorum viderenrnibil Planudem autorem facien- t4 malim affentiri sextant enim illins alyjs in libris fimilis veftigiafemilatinieratis, Bcc. Thus much for Arifforle,whom as you fee I haue placed after his Scholler, becaufe there is fuch doubt of thefe bookes carried about in his name, and forthat Scaligeras you fee thinks them sather taken out of Fheophra/tus,than written by. his Mafter. __ Thenext that orderly followes is Pedacins Diofcorides Anazarbens, who lined (accor. ding to Suédas)in the time of Cleopatra,which was fome few yeares before the birth of our Pinions: New Swidas hath confounded * Diofcorides Anaxarbeus with Diofcorides Phacas,but y fome places in Galenyou may fee they were different men: for out Anazarbean Diofio- vides was of the Empericke fe&,but the other was a follower of Herophylus and. of the Rae tional! fect. He writ not only of Plants,but de tora materia medica} towhich ftudie hee was addiéted euen from his childe-hood, which made him trauellmuch ground, and leade a militarie life, the better to accomplifh his ends:and in this he attained to that perfection, that few ornone {ince his time haue attained to, of the excellencie of his worke;which is

Pil s.capit,

Znucion H Wyse AVY ervey xonyor Asse Corb ausiy Varape Roe :

Arifotls

Diofcovides,

AiPonopidie Aran, Saplais “lakes & Pamrordic gaxsif oe Said

as it were the foundation and ground-worke of all chat hath been fince deliuered in this De fimpl.med, nature, Heare what Galea one of the excellenteft of Phy fitions,and one who {pent nofmal féw.ib.s.

time in this ftudy,affirmes : But, faith he,the Anazarbean Diofcorides in fiue bookes hath ?

written of the neceffarie matter of medicine, not onely making mention of herbes, but

roer.

alfo of trees, fruits, « liquouts and iuices, as alfo-of all minerallsjand of the parts Of Li- zaarginis

uing creatures :and in mine opinion he hath with the greateft perfe Aion performed this worke ofthe matter of Medicine : for although many before him haue written well vp- on this fubieé,yet none hane writ fowell of all. Now Diofcorides followes not the method of ys eae treats of cach kinde of herbe in patticular,firfk giuing the niames,then the defcription,and then the: place where they vfually grow, and laftly their vertues. Yer offome,which then were as frequently knownewith them,as Sage, Rofemary, an Afh or Oke tree are with vs,he hath omitted thé defcriptions,as not neceffarie, as indeed ar that time when they were fovulgarly knowne,they might feeme foto be: but now wee know the leaft of thefe,and haue no certaintie,but fome probable conieaures dodireétvs to the knowledge of them, He was not curious about his words nor method, but’ plainely and truly deliuered thar whereofhe had certaine and experimentall knowledge, concerning the defcription and nature of Plants. But the generall method he obferued youmay finde fet forth by Bawhine in his Edition of aatehiolys,immediatly after the preface of the firft booke,wheretol refer the curious,being roo long for me inthis place to infftvpon. His

193 workes

i

ao CEES RR

To The Reader.

Galen. Panles. Aetins.

Bact

Apuleinss

workes that haue come to vsare fine bookes de materia wMedica, One deletalilus vcnents, coruma, pracantiene et curatione : another de Cane rabido, deq; nolis que mor fus idinjve antmalt um venenum relingsentium fequentur s athitd De corum cur atsove. Thete eight bookes with- in thefe two laft centuries of yearcs havie been tranflated out of Greeke into Latine, and commented vpon by:diuers,as Hermolans Barbarus,lobannes Kuellins, Marcellus Virgilius ,&e. But of thefeand the reft,as they offerthemfelues,! thall fay fomewhat hereafter. There is alfo another worke which goes vnder his name,and-may well be his. It istysaapcut (7 ue de facile parabilibus diuided into twobookes,tranflated and confirmed with the confent of other Greeke Phyfitions, by the great labour of John <Moibane a Phyfitionof Auf- purge, who liuednot to finith it, but left irtobee perfected and fer forth by Comrade Gefner.

cae next that takes place is the laborious Caius Plinias fecundus,who liued in the time of V ¢fpafian,and was faffocated by the fulphurcous vapours that came from mount Vefit- vius, falling atthat time on fire,he through ouermuch curiofitie to fee and finde ourthe caufe thereof approching too nigh,and this was 440 Domini, 79. Hetead and writ ex- ceeding much,though by the iniurie of time wee haue no more of his than 37. books de Hiftoria Mundi. which alfohaue received fuch waunds,as have tried the belt skill of our Critickes, and yet inmy opinion in fome places require med:cas manus. From the twelfth to the end of the twentie feuenth of thefe bookes hetreats of Plants, more from what he found written in other Authors,than from any certaine knowledge of his owne, in many places following the method and giuing the words of Theupbraftus, and in other places thofe of Dio/corides though he neuer maké mention of the later of them r he alfo mentions,and no queftion followed many other Authors,whofewritings haue long fince perithed. Sometimes he is pretty large,and otherwhiles fo briefe, that fcarce any thing can thence be'gathered. From the feventeenth vatothe tentie feucath be varioufly han: dies them,what method you may quickly fee by his E/sc4us,contained inbis firft book, but ifi the twenty {euenth hee handles thofe whereof hee had made no, or not fufficient mention,afteran Alphabetical order, beginning with Brhyopis, Ageratum, Aloe, &c.fo going on tothe reft.

I muft not paffe over if filence,neither need Tong infift vpon Gales, Paulus Agineta, and _ 4etixs,for they haueonly alphabetically named Plants and other fimple Medicines, briefely mentioning their temperature and facultics,withoutdefcriptions(fomevery few, and thofe briefe ones, excepted)and other things pertinent to their hiftorie.

The next that prefent themfelues are two counterfrits, who abufe the World vnder feined titles,and their names haue much more antiquitie than theworks themfelues: the firft goes vnder the title of -ilivs Macer a famous Poet, of whom Oas4makes mention inthefe verfes:

Sape fas volucres legit mihi grandisr avo, Quaq; nocet Serpens qua inuat herba Macer.

Pliny alfomakes mention of this eAacer : hee inhis Poems imitated Nicander,but this worke that now is carried about vnder his name, is written ina rude, and fomewhatbar- barous verfe, far different from the ftile of thofe times wherein Macer liued,and no way in the fubie& immitating Nzcander. It feemes to haue beene writrenabout 400 or 500 yeares agoe,

The other al fo is ofan vnknowne Author, to whom the Printers haue giuen the title of Apuleius Madaurenfis, and fome haue been fo abfurdly bold of late, as to put itvnto the workes of 4puleius yet the vncurious {tile and method of the whole booke will con- uince them of errour, if there were no other argumenr, I hauefeene fome foure manu- feripts of this Authour,and heard ofa fifth, and all ofthem feeme to bee of good Anti- quitie :the figures of them all for the moft part haue*fome refemblance each of other : the firft of thefe I faw fome nine yeares agoe with that worthy louer and ftorer of Anti- quities, Sir Robert Cotton + it was ina faite Saxon hand, and as I remember in the Saxon tongue; but what title itcarried,I at that time was not curious to obferue. I faw alfo another after that,which feemed not to be ofany {mall ftanding, but carelefly obferued notthetitle. But fince [being informed by my friend Mafter Goodyer (as you may finde inthe Chapter of Saxifrage of the Antients) that his Matufcript which was very anti- ent,acknowled ged no fuch Author as Apuletus, I begunnea little toexamine fome other Manu(cripts, fo I procured a very faireone of my much honored friend S*. Thead. Mayer: inthe veriebeginning of this is writ, Iw Aoc continentur libri quatuor medicine Tpocratis, Pla- tonis Apolienfis urbis de dinerfis herbis ; Sexti Papiri placiti ex Animalibus, ec. A little after

n

paneer eee

Tothe Reader:

{nthe fame.pageatthe beginning of a table which is of thevertues, ate thefe words} mm primo libro [unt herba defcripta,quas Apolienfis Plato defcripfitscro. and thus alfo he is named inthe title of the Epiftle or Proeme;butat the end of the worke is explicit Lber Platonis de herbis mafculinis,8cc. “ith this in all thingsagrees that of M?. Goodyer;as he hath affir. med tome. Befides thefe,L found onewith M’. Joba Tradefcant; which was written’in 4 more ignorant and barbarous time,as one may conieCure by:the title,which is thusatthe very beginning. Inmomine dominiincipit H. erboralium Apules Platonis quod accepit a Scolapioe Chirone Centauro magifixo. Then followes (as alfo in the former,and inthe printed bookes) the tract afcribed to Antonius Mufa,de herba Betonica: after that are thefe words, Liber Medicine Platonis herbaticus explicit. By this it feemes the Author of thisworke either was named jor elfe called himfelfe P/ato, a thing not without examplein thefe times. This workevwas firtt printed at Bafill 1528. amongft fome atherworkes of Phyficke,andone Albanzs Torinus {er it forth by thehelpe of many Manuferipts,of whofe imperfe ions he much complaines,and J thinkenot without caufe :after this,Gabriel Humelbergius of Ra- uenf{purgein Germany fet it forth witha Comment vpon it, whoalfo complaineso the imperfections of his copies,and thinkes the worke not perfect: indeed both the editions are faultie in many places: and by the help of thefe Manufcripts I haue feen they might bemended, (ifany thought icworth their labour) in fome things,as I obferued incurfori- ly looking ouer them... One thing I much maruell at,which is, thar I finde nat this Au- thar-mentioned in.any VVriterofthe middletimes, as Platcarius ,Bartholomeus Udaglus, &«c.. Now I conic@ure this worke was originally written in Grecke, for thefe realons: firft,becaufe ithath the Greeke names in {uch plenty,and many of them proper, fignifi- canc,and inthe firt place: Secondly fomeare onely named in Greeke, as Hierobulton, Ar- temifia Leptophyllossand Artemifiatagantes,Batrachiun,Gryas (which l iudge rather Greeke than Latine) &c. Befides in both thewritten bookes in very many places amongtt the names I finde this word omocos,but diuerfly written ; for I coniecture the Greeke names were written in the Greeke chatacter, and éw/#e amongft them ; and thenalfo when-the eft of che workewas tranflated,which afterwards made the tranfcribers who vnderftood itnot towrite it varioufly,for in the one booke it is alwaies written Amecos,and in the o- ther Omoees, and fomtimes Omeos,as in the Chapter of Brittavica,the one hath it thus,No- men herbeiftinus Britanica, Amocos dicunt eam Damafinium,&c. The otherthus : Nomen ber be Brittanica,Omeos Damafinins,8cc.& in the chap.of 4/thea the one hath irthus: Nomen hy- ius herba Altea Amocos vacant hanc herbam Moloche,&c. The other Nomen herbe Ibifcus o- moeos Moloce, &c. If itbe certainewhich Philip Ferrarius affrmes inhis Lexicon Geogra- Phicum,that the citie Apoley is Conftantinople, then haue 1 found 4polienfis urbu, of which I canfinde.no mention in any antient or moderne Geographer betides; and then it is more than probable that this was written in Greeke, and it may be thought differently tranflated,which occafions fuch dinerfitie in the copies,as you fhall finde in fome places. Now I conieture this worke was written about fome 600. yeares agoe.

From thefe Antients haue fprung all,or the greateft part of the knowledge, that the middle or later times haue had of Plants;and all the controuerfics that of late hane fo fiuffed the bookes-of fuch as haue writ of this fubie@,had their beginning by reafon that the carelefneffe of themiddle times were fuch, that they knew little but what they tran- {cribed out of thee Antients,neuer endeuouring to acquiteany perfeét knowledge of the things chemfelues : fo rhatwhen as learning (after a long Winter) began to {pring vp a-

“gaine,men began to be fomwhat more curious,and by the notes aad defcriptions in thefe antient Authors they hauc laboured toreftore this loft knowledge; making inquirie,firft whether it were knowne by Theophraftus, Diofcorides,or any of the Antients, then by what fame. But toreturne to my Authors.

About 42.Dom.croo.ora little after, lined the Arabians Auicen,Auerrhees,Mefve,Rha-The Arabians, fis and Serapio,mott of thefe writ but briefely of this fubiecsneither haue we theirworks inthe Arabicke wherein they werewritten,butbarbaroufly tranflated’ into Latine, and moft part of thefe workes were by them taken out of the Greekes, efpecially Dioftorides and Galen.yet foas they added fomewhat of their own,and otherwhiles confounded other things with thofe mentioned by the Greekes, becaufe they did not well know the things whereof they writ. Axicen,Auerrhoes, and Rhafis alphabetically and briefly( following the method of Galen) giue the names,temperature,and vertues, of rhe chiefett fimple medi-syicen, cines. But Serapio after a particular trad of the temperature and qualities of fimple medi 4uerrbve:, cines in general, comestotreat of them in particular, and therein followes chiefely Di : ofcorides, Galen,and Panlys,and diuers Arabians that went before him. ‘This is the chiefe worke inthis kinde of the Agabians, which haue come to vs; he himfelfe tells vs his me-

‘ Saati. 347 EHOUG

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ToThé Reader.

thod in his preface, which is(when he comes to particulars) firft of medicines temperate,

then of thofe thatare hot and drie in the firft degree.then thofe cold and drie in the fame

degree: after that,thofe hot and dry in the fecond degree, 8c, and in each of thefe rrads he followes the order of the Arabicke Alphabet. Inor after the times of the Arabians vntillabout the yeare 1400. There were diuers obfcure and barbarous writers,who by fight knew little whereof they writ,but tooke out ofthe Greekes, Arabians,and one another, all that they writ, giuing commonly rude fi- gures,feldome fetting downe any defcriptions : I willonly name the chiefe of themthac I haue feene,and as neare as I can gueffe inthat orderthat one of them fucceeded ano- ther. For the particular times of their liuing is fomewhat difficult to be found out. One Ifadore, of the ancienteft of them feemes tobe I/idore;then Platearins whofe worke is Alphabeti. Platearins. — ealand intituled Circa inftans: the next Matthens Sylsaticus,who flourifhed about the yere Barthol. Angt. 4319 his worke is called Pandecfe : a little after him was Bartholomeus anglus, whofe workes(as that of i/adore,and moft of the reft of thofe times) treat of diuers other things befides Plants,as Beats, Birds,Fithes ,c. His worke is called De proprietatibus rerum:the Authors name was Bartholmew Glanuill,who was defcended of the Noble Family of the Earles of Suffolke , and he wrore this wotke in Edward the thirds rime, about the yeare

Hortus fanitat. of our Lord,1397. Afterall thefe,and much like them is the Hortus fanitatis whofe Au- thorI know not. But to leaue thefe obfcure men and their writings, let me reckon fome of later time,who with much more Iearning and iudgement haue endeuoured toilluftrat this part of Phyficke.

About fome 200 yeare agoe learning againe beginning to flourith, diuers begunne to leaue and loath the confufed and barbarous writings of the middle times, and to haue re- courfc to the Antients,from whence together with puritie of language, they might ac- quire a more certaine knowledge of the things treated of, which was wanting in the o-

Hermol, Barbe ther, Oneof the firft that tooke paines in this kinde was Hermolaus Barbarus Patriarch of Aquileia,who not onely tranflated Diofcorides, butwrita Commentarie vpon him in fiue bookes,which he calls his Corollarium s in thisworke hee hath fhewed himfelfeboth iudicious and learned.

Mere Ving. After him Marcellus Virgilins Sectetaric to the State of Florence,a man of no leffe lear- ning and indgement than the former, fet forth Diofcorides in Greeke and Latine with a

Comment vpon him. \

Webn, Rattle: Muchabout their time alfo ohn Ruellius a French Phyfition,who flourifhed in the yere 1480,tranflated Déofcorides into Latine,whofe tranflation hath been the moft followed ofall the reft. Moreouer he fet fortha large worke, De zatura Stirpium, diuided into three bookes,wherein he hath accurately gathered all things out of fundry Writers, efpecially the Greekesand Latines ; for firft hauing (afterthe manner Of Theophraftus) delivered fome common precepts and A duertifements pertaining to the forme,life,generation, or- dering, and other fuch accidents of plants; he thencomes to the particular handling of each /pecies. ;

Much about this time, the Germanes began tobeautifie this fo neceflary part of Phyficke; and among{t them othe Brunfelfins a Phy ition of good account, writof plants, and was the firft that gaue the liuely figuresof them; buthe treated notinall ofaboue 288 Plants. He commonly obferues this method in his particular chapters : Firft the - gure (yet he giues nor the figures of all he writes of ) then the Grecke, Latine, and Ger- mane names; after that the defcription and hiftoric out of moft former Authors,then the temperature and vertues ,and laftly,che Authours names that had treated of them. His worke is inthree parts or tomes, the firft was printed int 530.thefecond inr 533,and the third in 1536.

HieronTragus, Next after him was Hieronymus Tragus a learned ingenious,and honeft writer, who fet forth his workes in the German tongue,which were fhortly after tranflated into Latine by Dawid Kiber, He treats of moft of the Plants commonly growing in Germany,& I can obferue no generall method he keepes,but his particular one is commonly this: hee firft giucs the figure with the Latine and high Dutchname; thencommonly a good defcrip- tion,afer that the names,then the temperature,and laftly the vertues, fir inwardly, then outwardly vied. He hath figured fome 5 67,and defcribed fome 800.his figures are good , (and fo are moft of the reft that follow.) His workes were fer forth in Latine » 42.1552.

Leoaerrich. Inhis time lined Leomhartus Fuchfius,a German Phyfition, being alfoa learned and di-

ligent writer,burhe hath taken many of his defcriptions as alfo vertues word forword ont

of the Antients,and ro rhem hath put figures;his generall method is afterthe Greek Al- phabet,and his particular one thus: Firft the names in Greeke and Latine, together oft: times

Otho Bravfel.

To the Reader.

times with their Etymologies,as alfo the German and French names, then the kinds after

that the forme,the place, time,temperature, then the vertues : firftout of the Antients,as Diofcorides,Galen,Pliny,exc.and fometimes ftom the late Writers,whom he doth nor par- ticularize, but expreffes in generdll ex recentioribus. His worke was fet forth at Bai I 5 25 in Fol.containing, § 1 6 figures,alfo they were fer forth ino #avo,the hiftorie fit with all the figures by themfelues together at the end with the Latine and high Dutch names.

About this time,and a little after,flourifhed Comrade Gefner alfo a German Phyfition, who fer forth divers things of this nature,but yet liued not to finith the greatand genera] worke of Plants, which he for many yeres intended,and about which he had taken a gteat deale of paines,as may be gathered by his Epiftles. He wasa very learned,painfull,bonett and indicious writer,as may appeare by his many & great workes,whcroftho(e of Plants were firfta bricfe Alphabeticall Hiftoric of plants without figures, gathered out of Diof- eorides .T heopbraftus, Pliny,scc. with the vertues briefely,and for the moft part taken out of Paslus Aigineta,with their names in Greek and French putin the margent:this was prin- ted at Venice,1541,in a {mall forme.He fet forth a catalogue of Plants,in Latin,Greeke, high-Dutch and French, printed at Zurich,1542. Alfo another tra& De Lunarys & notn Lucentibus cum montis fract: five Pilati Lucernatum defiriptione, An.x 552in quarto. Healfo fet forth the foure Books of Valerius Cordus(who died in his time)and his Sylua obferuationum at Strausburgh, t5 61.in fol. and to thefe he added a Catalogue of the Germane Gardens withan Appendix and Corollarium to Cordus his Hiftorie, Alo another trearife of his De

Stirpinm collecionewas fet forth at Zurich by Wolphius, An. 15 87,10 Odfavo.

At the fametime lived Adam Lonicerus a Phy ition of Frankeford, whole natural! hi- ftoriewas there printed, 4m, 1551,and the firft part thereofis of Plants;and foure yeres af. ter headded another part thereto,treating alfoof Plants. I findeno generall method ob- ferued by him,but his particular method vfually is this:firft he giues the figure, then the names in Latine and Dutch, then the temperature, &c.as in Tragus,from whom & Cordus, he borrows the moft part of his firfttome,as he doth the 2.ftom Matth.& Aysat Lufitanus,

In his time the Italian Phyfition Petrus Andreas Matthiolus tet forth his Commenta- ries vpon Diofcorides, firft in Italian with: 57 large andvery faire figures, and then after- wards in Latineat Venice,with the fame figures, 47.1568. After this he fet forth his Epi- tome in Quvartowith 921 {imaller figures. Now thefe his Commentaries are very large; and he hath in them deliuered the hiftorie of many Plants not mentioned by Diofcorides, buthe is iuftly reprehended by fome, for that he cuery where taxes and notes other Wri- ters,when as he himfelfe runs into many errours,and fome of them wilful| ones, as when he giues figures framed by his owne fancte,as that of Dracontium mains, Rhabarbarvm,&cc. and falfified otherfome in part,the better tomake them agree with Déofcor7, his defcrip- tionjas when he pi@ures Arbor Inde with prickles,and giues it for the true Acatiz: and he oft-times giues bare figures without defcription of his owne,but faith, it is that decribed by Dioftorides, Nullis reclamantibus notis,for which the Authors of the Aduerfaria much de- claime again{t him.It had bin fit for him.or any one that takes fucha worke in hand, to haue thewed by defcribing the plant he giues, and conferring it with the defcription of his Author,that there is not any one note wanting in the defcription,vertues,or other par- ticulars which his Author fers downe; and ifhee can thew that his is fuch, then will the: contrary opinions of all others fall of themfelues,and need noconfutation.

‘Amatus Lufitavus alfo about the fame time fet forth Commentaries vpon Diofcorides, adding the names in diuers Languages but without figures,at Strausbourgh, 47.15 54.in Quarto she diffented from Matthrolus in many things;whereupon Matthiolus writan Apo- logic againft him.Heé hath performed no great matter in his Enarrations vpon Diofcorides, butwas an Author of the honeftie of Matthiolus,foras theone deceiued the world with counterfeit figures, fo the other by feined cures to ftrengrhen his opinion,as Crato ind- ges of his Curationes Medicinales (another worke ofhis) which hee thinkes, potius fidte,quam fathe.

Rembertus Dodoners aPhyfition borne at Mechlin in Brabant, about this tinie begun to write of Plants. Hee firft{et foorth a Hiftorie in Dutch, which by Clufius was turned into French, with fome ‘additions, uno Domini, 1560. And this was tranflated our of French into Englifh by Mafter Henry Lite,and fer forth with figures, 440 Dom.1578.and diuers times fince printed, but without Figures. Inthe yeare 1552, Dodoneus fer forth 1n Latine his Fragum Hifforia,and within awhile after his F lorum,pureantium, ¢y deleteria- rune Hiftoria. Atterwards bee put them all together , his former, and thofe his later Workes, and diuided them into thirtic Bookes, and fet them forthwith 1305 figures, ir Se! An,1583, This edition wasalfo tranflated into Englith,which became the foundation

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Peter Pena. Matth Lobel,

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Honor Bells,

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Tothe Reader,

of this prefent Worke, as I (hall thew hereafter. Ithath fincebeene printed in Latine, with the addition of fome few new figures: and of late in Dutch, Amo 1618.with the ad- dition of the fame figures , and moft of thefe in the Exoticks Of Clifizs, and great ftore of other additions. His general! method is this : firft he diuides his Works into fix Pemp- tades or fines : the fifth Pemptas or fiue bookes ofthefe containe Plants inan Alphabe- ticall order, yet fo as that other Plants that haue affinitie with them are comprchended with them,though they fall not into the order of the Alphabet. The fecond Pempt.con- taines Flores Goronarij, Planta odorata cy vmbellifere. Thethird is De Radicibus, Purcantibus Herbis, convolvulis, deleterijs ac perniciofis Plantis, Filicibus, Mufcis ¢ Fungis. The fourth is De Frumentis, Legumimbus, paluftribus cy aquatilibus. The fifth, De Oleribus & Carduis. The fixth, de Fruticibus & Arberibus. The particular method is the fame vfed by our Au-

thor.

Inthe yeare 1570, Peter Penaand Matthias Lobel did here at London fet forth a Worke, entituled Starpium Aducr{aria noua; the chiefe end and intention whereof being to find out the Materia medica of the Antients. The generall method is the fame with that of our Author, which is, putting things together as they haue moft refemblance one with ano- ther in external] forme, beginning with Grafles, Cornes, &c. They giue few figures,bur fometimes refer you to Fuch/ius, Dodoneus, and Matthiolus : burwhere the figure was nor giuen by former Authors, then they commonly giue it ; yet moft part of thele figures are very {mall and ynperfe@, by reafon (as I conieGture) they were taken from dried plants, In this Worke they infift little vpon the vertues of Plants, but fuccinaly handle contro- uerfies, and giue their opinions of Plants, together with their defcriptions and names, which fometimes are in all thefe languages, Greeke,Latine,French,high and low Dutch, and Englith: otherwhiles in but one or two ofthem. Some: Writers for this Work call them Doédti(imi Angli ; yet neither of them were borne here, for Pena (as I take it) was a French man, and Lobel was borne at Ryffele in Flanders, yet lived moft part of his later time in this Kingdome, and here alfo ended his dayes, Inthe yeare 1576 he fet forth his Obferuations, and ioyned them with the —4duerfaria, by them two to make one entire Worke: for in his Obferuations he giues moft part of the figures and vertues belonging to thofe herbes formerly defcribed onely in the Aduerfaria ; and tothefe alfo adds fome mew ones not mentioned in the former Worke. Afterwhich he fer forth an Herbal] in Dutch, wherein he comprehended all thofe Plants that were in the two former Workes, and added diuers other to them,the Worke containing fome 2116 figures ; which were printed afterwards in a longifh forme, with the Latine names, and references tothe La- tine and Dutchbookes. Afterall thefe, at London, 420 160s, he againe fet forththe Adwer[aria, together with the fecond part thereof, wherein is contained fome fourty fi- gures , being moft ofthem of Graffes and Floures ; but the defcriptions were of fome too plants,varieties and all. Tothis he addeda Treatife of Balfam (which alfo was fer forth alone in Quarto, Aamo 15.98.) and the Pharmacopea of Rondeletjus with Annotations vponit. Heintended another great WVorke, whofe title fhould haue beene Stirpium Illy

Jfirationes,but was preuented by death,

Some {ix yeares after the Edition ofthe Aduerfaria, Anno 15.76, that learned, diligent, and laborious Herbarift Carol. Clufizs fer forth his Spanith Obferuations, hauing to this purpofe trauelled ouer a great part of Spaine; and being afterwards called to the Impe- niall Court by Maximilian the {econd, he viewed Auftria and the adiacent prouinces, and

fet forth his there Obferuation, 4ano 1583. Healfo tranflated ont of Spanifh the Works - Of Garcids ab Ortaand Chriftopher Acofta, treating of the fimple medicines of the Eat In. dies, and Nicolas Monardus, who writ of thofe of the Weft Indies. After this he pur into one body both his Spanith and Pannonicke Obferuations, with fome other, and thofe he comprehends in fix bookes, entituled Rariorum Plantarum Historia : whereto healfo addes an Appendix, a treatife of Mufhroms, fix Epiftles treating of Plants,from Honorins Bellus an Italian Phyfition lining at Cydonia in Candy ;,as alfo the defcription of mount Bal- dus, being a Catalogue with the defcription and figures of fome rare and not beforewrit- ten of Plants there growing, written by Zohw Powaan Apothecarie of Verona (This De- feription of Pora’s was afterwards with fome new deferiptions and thirty fix figures fer forth alone in Quarto, 47.1608.) This firft Volume of Clufius was printed in Antwerp, _47n0 1601, in Folio: and inthe yeare 1 605 healfo in Folio fet forth inanother volume fix bookes of Exoticks containing various matter, as plants, or fome particles of them, as Fruits, Woods, Barks, &c,as alfo the forenamed tranflations of Garcias, Acoffasand Mo- nardus : Three Tra&s befides of the fame Monardus the firft, De lapide Bezaar, éy Herba Scorfonera, The fecond, De Ferro & eins faculatibus : The third,De Nine cy cius commode, , Te

To the Reader:

To thefe he alfo added Bellonias his Obferuations or Singularities,and atra& of the fame Author, De neglecta Stirpium cultura, both formerly tranflated out of French inwo Latine by him. Hewas borne at Atrebasor Arras, the chiefe city of Artois, 4£7n0 1526. and diedat Leyden, 42.1609. After his death, by Euerard Vorftins, Pacer Paw,or fome o- thersywere fet forth fome additions and emendations ofhis former Works,together with his funcrall Oration made by Vorstivs, his Epitaph, &c. in Quarto, w4vn0 1611, by the name of his Cura Poflcriores, . In the yeare 1583, Andreas Cefalpinus an Italian Phyfition, and Profeffor at Pifa, fer 414rC«/élp. forth an hiftorie of Plants, comprehended in fixteene bookes: his Worke iswithout fi- gutes, and he oft times giues the Tufcane names for Latine ; wherefore his worke is the more difficult to be vnderftood, vnleffe itbe by fich as haue been in Tufcanie,or elfe are already well exercifed in this ftudy, He commonly in his ownewords diligently for the moft part defcribes ¢ach Plant, andthen makes‘enquirie whether they were knowne by the Antients, He feldome fers downe their faculties, ynicffe of fome, towhich former Writers haue put downe none. Inthe firft booke he treats of Plants in generall , accoré ding as Theophrafiws doth but in the following bookes hee handles them in particular: he one the chiefe affinity of Plants to confift in rhe fimilitude of their feeds and feed veflels. Toachimus Cameravins a Phy fition of Noremberg flourifhed about this time: Hee fer s0ach. camer: forth the Epitome of catatrhiolws, with fomeadditions and accurate figures, in Quarto, at Brankfore,-1586 : in the end ofwhich Worke (as alfo in thar fet forth by catatthiolus himfelfe) is-/ter Baldi,or a journey from Verona to mount Baldus,written by Francis Cal= gp.calccolarins ceolarius an Apothecarie of Verona. Another Worke of Camerarius was his Hortus Me. dicus, being an Alphabetical! enumeration of Plants, wherein is fer forth many things concething the names, ordering, vertues, &c,of Plants. Tothis he anexed Ayrcinia Saxo- norkuringica lohannis Thali, or analphabeticall Cataloguewritten by John Thalivs of fuch tob.thalins, Plants as grew in Harkwald a part of Germanie betweene Saxony and Durengen. This was printed alfoat Frankfort in Quarto, 47. 1588. Inthe'yeare 15 87 came forth the great Hiftorie of Plants printed at Lyons,which is therefore vulgarly termed Historia Lugdunenfis : it was begun by Dalechampins : but hee pip rug. dying before the finifhing thereof, one John Molinays fetit forth, but put nothis name thereto, Itwas intended tocomprehend all that had written before,and fo it doth, but with a great deale of confufion ; which occafioned Bawhine to write a treatife of the crrors committed therein, inwhich he fhewes there are about foure hundred figures twice or thrice ouer. The whole number of the figures in this Worke are 2686. This Hiftory is diuided into eighteene bookes, and the Plants in each booke are put together cither by the places oftheir growings, as in Woods,copfes, mountaines, waterie places, 8zc. or by their externall {hape,as vmbelliferous, bulbous, &c. or by their qualitics,as purging, poyfonous, &c. Heréin are many places of Theophraffus and other antient Writers ex- lained. He commonly ineach chapter gives the names, place, forme, vertue, as moft otherdo. And at the end thereofthere isan Appendix containing fome Indian plants, for the moft part out of Acoffa;as alfo diuers Syrian and Egyptian plants deferibed by Leow.xawoif. Reinold Rawol” a Phyfitionof Ausburgh. Atthis time, towit Anno 1588, Tacebus Theodorus Taberaamontanus {er forthan Hiftory rabernamons. of Plants in the Germane tongue,and {ome twelue yeares after his Figures being in all 2087, were fer forth inalong forme,with the Latine and high-Dutch names put vnto them ; and with thefe fame Figures was this Worke of our Author formerly printed. Profper Alpinus a Phy {ition of Padua in Italy, in the yeare 1592 fet fortha Treatife of Prafp.Alpinus’ fome Egyptian Plants,with large yet not very accurate figures; he there treats of fome 46 plants, and ar the end thereof isa Dialogue or Treatife of Balfam. Some fix yeares agone, Anno 1627, his Son {er forth two bookes of his fathers, De Plantis Exotics, with the figures cut in Braffe : this Worke containes fome 136 Plants. Fabius Columna a gentleman of Naples, of the houfe of Columnaof Rome, Am. 159° {et Fib.columnas forth a Treatifecalled Phytobafanos, or an Examination of Plants; fot therein he examines and afferts fome plants to be fuch and fuch of the Antients:and in the end of this worke he giues alfo the hiftorie of fome not formerly deferibed plants. Hee alfo fetforth two other bookes, De minus cognitis, or of leffe knowne Plants : the firft of which was prigted at Rome, Aynv 1606 ; and the other 1616. He in thefe works, which inall contain little aboue two hundred thirty fix plants, fhewes himfelfe a man ofan exquifit iudgment, and very learned and diligent, duely examining and weighing each circumftance in the wri- tings of the Antients. Cafpar

1 FI | } + 4

a

hiaidhis satnclacmapeianiMaia ina oadinanpeeenaduseree

tf

To the Reader.

Cafp. Banbine.

RafilBefler.

Aloyf. Anguill,

Helcbier Guil- lasdinus.

Fer, Imperato.

wu Turner.

Hem Lyte.

lob.Parkinfon,

Cafpar Baubine, a Phyfition and Profeflor of Bafil, befides his Anatomical! Works, fet forth divers of Plants. Aano 1596 he fet forth his Phytopinax, or Index of Plants, wherein he followes the beft method that any yet found ;for according to Lobels method (which our Author followed)he begins with Graffes, Ruthes, &c. but thenhe briefely giues the Etymologie ofthe name in Greeke and Latine, ifany fuch be,and tells you who of the Antients writ thereof, and inwhat part of their Works :and laftly (which I chiefly com- mend him for) he giues the Syvoninsa’s or {eucrall names of cach plant giuen by each late Writer, and quoteth the pages. Now there is nothing more troubles ftichas newly enter into this ftudy, than the diuerfitie of names, which fometimes for the fame plant are dif ferent in each Author; fome of them notknowing that the plant they mentionwas for- merly written of, name itas anew thing ; others knowing it writ of, yer not approuing of the name. Inthis Worke he went but through fomehalfe $f the hiftorie of Plants, Af ter this, 470 1598, he fet forth Matthiolus his. Commentaries vpon Diofiorides, adding to them 330 Figures, and the defcriptions of fifty new ones not formerly defcribed by any together with the Synonime’s of all fuch as were defcribed in the WWorke. He alfo Agno 1613 fet forth Tabernamontanus in Dutch, with fome addition of hiftorie and figures. In Anno 1620 he fer forth the Prodromus, or fore-runner of his Theatruw Botanicum , wherein he giues a hundred and forty new figures,and defcribes fome fix hundred plants the moft

not defcribed by others. After this, 4zmo 1623, he fer forth his~Piwax Theatri Botanici,.

uerall Authors areomitted. This is indeed the Index and fumme of his great and gene tall Worke, which fhould coniaine about fix thoufand plants, and was a Worke of fort yeares :but he is dead fome nine yeates agone, and yet this his great worke is not inthe Preffe,that I can heare of, vi

Bafil Befler an Apothecarie of Noremberg, 4nzo 1613 fet forth the gardenof the Bi- fhop of Eyftet in Bauaria, the figures being very large, and all curioufly cut in braffe,and printed vpon the largeft paper : he onely gities the Syonima’s and defcriptions, and dini- deth the worke firft into foure parts, according to the foure feafons of the yeare ;and then againe he fubdiuides them, each into three, {6 that they agree with the mioneths, putting in each Claffis the plants that flourith at that time.

Thefe are the chiefe and greateft part of thofe that either in Grecke or Latine (whofe Works haue come to our hands) haue deliuered tovs the hiftory of Plants ; yet there are fomewho haue vfed great diligence to helpe forward this knowledge, whofe names I wil not paffe ouer in filence. The firftand antienteft of thefe was 4luyfius Anguillaraa phy- fition of Padua,and Prefident of the publique Garden there : his opinions of fome plants were fet forth in Italian at Venice, 15 61.

Melchior Guillandinuswho {uceeeded Anguillara in the garden at Padua, writ an Apolo- gie again cMarthiolus, fome Epiftles of plants, and a Commentarie vpon three Chap- ters of Pliny, De Papyro.

Ferantes Imperatus an Apothecary of Naples alfo fet fortha Natural! Hiftorie diuided into twenty cight bookes, printed at Naples. 4#v01599. Inthis there is fomething of Plants :but I hae not yet feene the opinions of Anguillara, nor this Naturall Hiftorie : yet you fhall find frequent mention of both thefe in moft of the forementioned Authors that writ in their time, or fince, wherefore [could not omit them.

Let me now at laft looke home, and fee who we haue had that haue taken pains in this kinde.. The firft that I finde worthy ofmention is D'. WiMiam Turner, the firft of whofe works that Ihaue feene, was a little booke of the names of herbes, in Greeke,Latine, En- glith, Dutch, and French, &c. printedat London dane 1548. Inthe yeare 1551 he fet forth his Herbal or Hiftorie of Plants,where he giues the figures of Fuchfius,for the moft part: he giues the Names in Latine,Greeke,Dutch,and French : he did not treat of many Plants ; hismethod was according to the Latine alphabet. Hewasa man of good iudg- mentand Jearning, and wel performed what he tooke in hand.

whofe method is the fame with his Pytopinax; but the quotatiohs of the pages inthe -

After this, Dodoaees was tranflated into Englith by M'.Zyte,as I formerly mentioned, And fome ycares after, our Author fet forth this Worke, whereof I will prefently treat, hauing firft made mention of a Worke fet forth betweene that former Edition, and this J now prefent youwithall.

M*. foha Parkinfon an Apothecarie of this city (yet liuing and labouring for the com- mon good) in the yeate 1629 fet fortha Worke by thenameof Parad [us terreftris whete- in hegines the figures ofall fuch plants as are preferued in gardens, for the beauty of their floures, for vfe in meats or fauces ; and alfo an Orchard ofall trees bearing fruitand fuch fhrubsas for their raritie or beauty are kept in Orchards and gardens,with the ordering,

planting,

a re EG peg RN BT A a RE | Tothe Reader.

planting and.preferuing of allthefe. In this Worke he hath not fuperficially handled thefe things, but accurately defcended to the very varieties in cach {pecies :wlrerefore I haue now.and then referted my Reader addiéted to thefe delights,to thisworke efpecial- Jy in flouresand fruits, wherein I was loth to fpend toomuch time, efpecially fecing ] could adde nothing to what he haddone vpon that fubied before. Healfo there promi- {ed another worke, the which I thinke by this time is fit for the Preffe. _ Nowam Lat length come to this prefent Worke, whereof I know'you will expe@ I fhould fay fomewhat , and I will not fruftrate your expe Gation,but labour to fatistie you inall I may, beginning with the Author, then his worke, what itwas, and Jaftly what it ow is. x For the Author M". ohn Gerard Lean fay little, but what youal{o may gather out of rota Gerard; thisworke; which is, he was borne inthe yeare 15 45. in Chefhire, at Namptwich,from whence hee came to this city, and betooke himfelfe to Surgerie, wherein his endeauours were fuch, as he therein attained to be a Mafter of that worthy profeffion: he liued fome ten yeares after the publifhing of this worke, and died'about the yeare 1607. His chiefe commendation is, that he out ofa propenfe good will tothe publique aduancement of this knowledge, endeauoured to performe therein more than he could well accomplith ; which was partly through want of {ufficient learning, as (befides that which he himfelfe faith of himfelfe in the chapter of Water Docke)may be gathered by the tranflating of See the for: diuers places out of the Adverfaria; as this for one in thedefcription of * 4/fer Atticus, Edition P ; ; os a0 & inthe places Canles pedales terni aut quaterni : whichis rendred,A ftalke foure or fiue foot long. He alfO herementio: by the fame defe& called burnt Barley, * Hordeum diftichon; and diuided the titles of ho- 2° nour fromthe name of the perfon whereto they did belong, making two names thereof, »ze> beginning one claufe with * Iulins Alexandrinus faith, &c.and the next with, Cafarins Ar- ?-147- chiater, faith, Healfowas very little conuerfant in thewritings of the Antients, neither, as it may feeme by diners paflages,could heewell diftinguith betweene the antient and modernewriters : for he in one place faith,|* Neither by Diofcorides, Fuchfins,or any other ?:5*® - antientwriteronceremembred.] Diuers fuch thereare, which I had rather paffe ouer in filence, than here fet downe: neither fhould I willingly haue touched hereon; but that I haue met with fome that haue too much admired him, as the only learned and iudicious writers But let none blame him for thefedefeas, feeing he was neither wanting in pains nor goodwill, to performe what he intended; and there are none fo fimple but know, that heauy burthens are with moft paines vndergone by theweakeft men: and although there were many faults in theworke, yet iudge well of the Author; for as a late writer well faith, Falli ¢ hallucinari humanum eft; folitudinem quarat oportet, qui vult cum perfectis CH. li.s.c4.3¢ wiuere, Penfanda vitys bona cwin{que funt, & quamaior pars ingeny fletit, eaindicandum de ho- Wig a mine eff Sol let me acquaint you how, this Worke was made vp. Dodoveus his Pemptades comming forth Anno 15 83, were fhortly after tranflated into Englith by D*. Prie/? a phy- fition of London, who died either immediately before’or after the finithing ofthis tran- flation. This I had firft by the relation of onewho knew D*, Prieft and M*. Gerard : and itis apparant by the worke it felfe, which you fhall finde ro containie the Pemptades of Dodopeus tranflated, fo that diuers chapters haue {carcea word more or leffe than what isin him. But I cannot commend my Author for endeauouring to hide this thing from vs, cauilling (though commonly vninftly) with Dedoneus,where{seuer he names him,ma- king it a thing of heare-fay, * that D*.Prief# tranflated Dodonaus - when in the Epiftle of sechisEpidic his friend M'. Bredwell, prefixed before this worke, are thefe words: [The firft gatherers te he Readers outofthe Antients,and augmenters by their owne paines, haue already {pred the odour oftheit good names through all the lands of learned habitations ; D*, Prie/f for tranfla~ ting {o muchas Dodonaus, hath hereby left a tombe forhis honorable fepulture. M'.Ge- zardcomming laft, but not the leaft, hath many waies accommodated the whole worke vato our Englith Nation, &c.] Butthatwhich may ferue to cleare all doubts,ifany can be ina thing fo manifeft, isa place in Lobels Annotations vpon Rosdeletius his Pharmaco- peia, where pag.59. be findes fault with Dodonaus, for vfing barbaroufly the word Seta for Sericum : and with D*, Prieft;who (faith he) at the charges of M*. Norton tranflated Dodo- neus,and deceiued by this word Seta, committed an abfurd errour in tranflating it a bri- ftle, when as it fhouldhaue been filke. This place fo tranflated is tobe feen in the chap- ter of the Skarlet Oke, at the letter F, And Zobel well knew thatitwas D*. Prief that. committed this error, and therefore blames not M'. Gerard,to whom hee made fhew of friendthip, and who was yet liuing:butyerhe covertly gauevs tovnderftand, that the worke wherein that errorwascommitted,was a tranflation of Dodomens, and that made by

199 Dé. Prie(f

To the Reader.

D*. Prieft, and fet forth by M'. Norton. Now this tranflation became the ground-worke whereupe@n M'.Gerardbuilt vp this Worke: but that it might not appeare a tranflation, he changes the generall method of Dodoneus, into that of Lobel, and therein almoft all ouer followes his /cones both in method and names, as you may plainly fee inthe Graffes and Orchides. To this tranflation he alfo added fome plants out of Clufivs , and others fome out of the 4dverfaria,and fome fourteene of his owne not before mentioned. Now to this hiftorie figures were wanting, which alfo M'. Norton procured from Frankfort,be- ing the fame wherewith the Works of Tabermamontanus were printed in Dutch: but this fell crofle for my Author, who (as it feemes) hauing no great iudgement in them, fre- quently put one for another :and befides,there were many plants in thofe Authors which he followed, which were not in T. abernamontanus,and diuers inhim which they wanted,yer he put them all together, and one for another , and oft times by this meanes fo confoun- ded all, thatnone could poffibly haue fet them right, vnlefle they knew this cecafion of thefe errors. By this meanes, and after this manner was the Worke ofmy Author mad vp, which was printed at the charges of M". Norton, An.1597. Wig ndTad

Now it remaines I acquaint you with what I haue performed in this Edition,which is either by mending what wasamifie, or by adding fuch as formerly were wanting : fome places I helped by putting out, as the Kindes in the Chapter of Stonecrop, where there was butone mentioned. I haue alfo put out the Kindes in diners places elfe where the were not very neceflarie, by this meanes to get more roome for things more neceffarie = as alfodiuers figuresand defcriptions which were put in two or three places, | haue put them out inall but one, yet fo, as that I alwaies giue you notice where they were > andof what. Somewords or paffages are alfo put out here and there, which I thinke needleffe tomention, Sometimes I mended what was amiffe or defe&iue, by altering or adding one or more words, as you may frequently. obferue if you compare the former edition with this, in fome few chapters almoft inany place. But I thinke I thall beft fatisfic you if I briefely fpecifiewhat is done in each particular, hauing firft acquainted you with what my generall intention was : I determined, as wel’as the fhortnef{ ofmy time would giue me leaue, to retaine and fer forth Whatfoeuer was formerly inthe bookedeferibed,or figured without defcriptions (fome varieties that were not neceffarie excepted) and to thefe I intended to adde whatfoeuer was figured by Lobel, Dodoneus, or Clufius ; whofe fi- gures we made vie of ; as alfo fuch plants as grow either wilde, or vfual ly in the gardens

of this kingdome,which were not mentioned by any of the forenamed Authors ; for I neither thought it fit norrequifite for me, ambitioufly toaimeat all that Bauhine in his Pinax teckons vp, or the Exotickes of Profper _Alpinus containe,not mentioned in the for. mer. This was my generall intention. New»come I to particulars, and firlt of figures : Thaue, as I faid, made wfe of thofe wherewith the Workes Of Dodoneus, Lobel, and Clu fine were formerly printéd,which,though fome of them be not fo fi ghtly,yetare they general. ly as truly expreft, and fometimes more. When figures notagreeable to the defcriptions were formerly in any place, I giue you notice thereof with a marke of alteration before the title, as alfo in the end of the Chapter ; and if they were not formerly in the booke, then I giue you themwitha marke of addition. Such as were formerly figured inthe booke, though put for other things, and fo hauing nodefeription therein, I haue caufed to be new cutand put into their fit places, with defcriptions to them,and only amarke of alteration, Thenextare the defcriptions, which I haue in fome places lightly amended, without giuing any notice thereof ; but when it is much altered , then giue I you this marke + at the beginning thereof ; but if it were fuch as that I could not helpe it but by writing a new one, then fhall you finde it with this marke + at the beginning and end thereof, as alfowhatfoeuer is added in the whole booke, either in defcriptionor other-

wife. The next is the Place, which I haue feldome altered, yet in fome places fupplied, and in others I haue put doubts, & do fulpecé otherfome to be falfewwhich beeaufe I had hot yet viewed, I left as I found. The Time was a thing ofno fuch moment,for any mat- ter worth mentioning to be performed vpon, wherefore I will not infift vpon it. Names are of great importance,and in them I thould hauebeena little more curious if [had had more time, as you may fee Tat the firft haue beene ; but finding it a troublefome worke,

Thaue onely afterwards where I iudged it moft need full infifted vpon it: Bawhinus his Pj- nax may fupply what you in this kinde finde wanting. Inmany places of this worke you thal! finde large difcourfes and fometimes contiouerfies handled by our Authour in the names ; thefeare for the moft part out of Dodomeus, & fome of them were fo abbreuiated, and by that meanes confounded, that I thought it not worth my paines to mend them,fo Thaue put them out in fome few places, and referred you tothe places in Dodonens out of

which

ec nn

To the Reader.

which they were taken,as inthe chapter of Alehoofe : it may be they are nor fo perfect as they fhould be in fomevery few other places, (for 1 could nor compare all) but if you fufpect any fuch thing, haue recourfe tothat Author,and you fhall finde full fatisfa@tion,

Now come I to the Femper and Vertues. Thefe commonly were taken forth of the fore-mentioned Author, and here and there out of Lode/ls Obferuations, and Camtrarius his Hortus medicus. Tothefe healfo adddedfome few Receipts-of his owne: thefe I haue notaltered, but here and there fhewed towhich they did moft properly belong ; as alfo if found them otherwife than they ought, I noted it ; or if invnfit places, I have tranf- ferred them co the right place, and in diuers things whereof our Author hath bin filent, I haue fupplied that detect.

For my additions I will here fay nothing, but refer you tothe immediate enfuing €a- talocue, which will enforme youwhat 1s added onely in figure,or defcription,or in both, by which, and thefe two formerly mentioned marks, you may fee what is much: altered or added in the Work; forthis marke + put either ro figure,or before any claufe, fhews it to haue bin otherwife put before; or that claufe whether itbe in defcription, Place, Time, Names, or Vertues tobe muchaltered. This other maske + put toa figure fhewes it not to haue been formerly in the worke, but now added ; and put inany other place it fhewes all is added vntill you come to another of the fame marks. But becaufe it is fomtimes o- mitted, I will therefore giue notice in the Evratawhere it fhould be put, in thofe places where I obferue either the former or later of them to be wanting,

Paurther, I mutt acquaint you how there were the defcriptions ofa few plants here and. there put in vnfitting places,which made me defcribe them as new added,as Saxifraga ma- jor <AMatthioli, Perficaria filiquofa, of which in the chapter of Perficaria therewas an ill de- fcription,buta teafonablegood one in the chapter of 4/trantia nigra. Papaner (pinofumwas figured and defcribed among ft the Cardyi , now all thefe (as I faid) I added as new in the moft fitting places yet found them afterwards defcribed, but put them out all, except the laft, whofe hiftorie I ftill retaining ,with a reference to the preceding figure and Hi- ftorie, Notealfo, wherefoeuer my Author formerly mentioned C/ufius according to his Spanifh or Pannonicke Obferuations, I haue made it, according tohis Hiftoric, which containes them both with additions.

Alfol muft certific you, (becaufe I know it is a thing that fomewill thinke ftrange, that the number of the pages in this booke dono more exceed that of the former, canfi- dering there is fucha large acceffion of matter and figures) the caufe hercof is,each page containes diuers lines more than the former, the lines themfelues alfo being longer ; and by the omiffion of defcriptions ang figures put twice orthrice ouer,and the Kindes,vnne- ceffarily put in fome places, I gaitied as much asconuenicntly I could,beeing defirous - that it might be bound together in one volume.

Thus haue I thewed what I haue performed in this Worke,entreating you totake this my Labor in good part; and ifthere be any defeé therein (as needs there muft in all hu- mane works) afcribe it in part to my hafte and many bufineffes,and in fome places to the want of {irflicient information, efpecially in Exoticke things, and in other fome, to the little conuerfation I formerly had with this Author, before fuch time as (ouercome by the importunitie of fome friends, and the generall want of fiicha Worke) I tooke this taske vponme. Furthermore I defire,thatnone woald rathly cenfure me for that which I haue here done ; but they that know inwhat time I did it,and who themfelues are able to do as muchas I haue here performed , for to fuch alone I fhali gine free libertic,and will

beasreadytoyeeld further fatisfaction if they defire it, concerning any thing I haue here afferted, as I thall be apt to negleé& and fcorne the cenfure of the Ignorant and Va- fearned, whof know are ftill forward to verifie our Englith prouerbe*

I muft not in filence paffe over thofe from whom I haue receiued any fauiour or incou-

ragement, whereby I might be the betterenabled to performe this Taske. In the firft place let me remember the onely A ffiftant I had in this Worke,which was M* John Good- yer of Maple-Darham in Hamphhire, from whom I receiued many accurate defcriptions, and fome other obferuations concerning plants ; the which (defirous to giue euery man his due) I haue caufed to be fo printed, as they may be diftinguifhed fromthe reft :and thus you fhall know them ; in the beginning is the name of the plantin Latine in a line by it felfe, and at the end his name is inferted ; fo that the Reader may eafily finde thofe things that I had from him,and I hope together with me will be thankfull to him,that he

would fo readily impart them for the further increafe of this knowledge. M*. George Bowles of Chiffelhurft in Kent muft not here be forgot, for by his trauelfs and induflry I hauc had knowledge of diuers plants,which were not thought nor formerly qqq 2 knowne

* A fooles boli isfoone fhoty ~

ee

To the Reader,

homes Hiebes MDOWNE to grow wilde in this kingdcme,as ycu fhall finde by diuers places in this book. + costae My louing friends and fellow Travellers in this ftudy, and of the fame profeffion, whofe williams Broad. companie I haue formerly enioyed in fearching oucr a great part of Kent, and whoare | eee {till ready to do the like in other places, are here alfo to beremembred, and thatthe ra- ner. ther,becaufe this Knowledge among ft vs in this city was almoft loft, or at Jeaft too much ie rai neglected, efpecially by thofe towhom it did chiefely belong,and who oughtto be a- fhamed of ignorance, efpecially in a thing fo abfolutely neceffaric to their profeffion. | They fhould indeed know them as workemen do their tooles, that is readily tocal them | by their names, know where to fetch, and whence to procure the beft ofeach kinde ; and laftly,how to handle them. Ihaue already much excceded the bounds ofan Epiftle,yet haue omitted many things of whichI could further haue informed thee Reader, but I will leaue them vntill fuch ° time as I findea gratefull acceptance ; or fome other occafion that may againe in- uite me to {ct Pen to Paper; which, That it may be for my Countreyes good and Gods glory, fhall euer be the prayers and Endeauours of thy Well-

Wither From my boufion Snow-hill, i Offob. 22.1633. Ali \ Tuomas lonnson i “fi : ' a = eet at ee SE eae Me

Se nS

eA (atalogue of eAdditions.

no the markes were not focarefully and right put to thefe Figures, which were not formerly in the booke, I haue thought good to giue you the names of all fuch as are added,either in figure or defcription,or both : together with the booke, chapter, and numberor place they hold ineach chapter. F ftands for figure, D for Defcription, and where both areadded,you thall findeboth thefe letters ;and where the letter ¢ is put,the Hiftorie of the whole Chapter is added.

B OOKE I. j Chap.q2. 4.lvzs Byzantina,d,

Ck: 2. 1. Gram.minrub five Xerampelinum f,

Chap.§: 3:Gram.arund.minus Dife. - Chap. 6. 1 Gram.tement.arundin£. 2.Gram.pan.clegans d, Chap.8 3.Gram.typhoides pica lengif.d. Chap.13. 3.Gram. Panic, (pic. fimp.ds Chap.14. 1 Gram.palechin.s, 3. Gram.capit glob.d, 4.Gram.montechixd, Chap. 16.8.Gram.cyper.pic.d. Chap.20, 3.Gram.dattyloides. f.d. Chap.2 1. 1.Gram.Cyp.ang.mai.fd 2.Pfeudocypersus.f.d, cs 3.Cyperss long.inod fd, 4.Cyperus rot.inod. fd 5 Cyper.Gramanil.f.d. (Chap, 22.1 Gram,mont. anenf.d, | 2.Grammuror Spic.long£.d. 3.Gram.criftatumé.d, 4-Gram {pica fecal.d.” | 5.Gram.fpica. Brine d. Cc 6. Gram, lanatum d, ST 7.Gram.inne lencanth, a 8 Gram.Loliac.mia.d, 9. Gram.lol.d.: 10.Gram. fpartenm mind | 11.Gram.alopecur.fp.afpera. d. ( 12.Gram.{coparium.d, Chap.24. 3.Cyperus rotund. Syriacus.d. 4.Cypmin,Cret a, 5. yperotund snodor ii £.d, Chap.2 5. Cyp.e/oulentits.d.C. Chap.26.Galanga maior.C. Galanga minor. C. Chap.27. Cypersa Indicus .C. Chap.28. Zedoaria.C, Chap.29. 5.luncus cap. Equif fA, Chap.345 5.Spartum noft.par fd. G.Spart. eAustriacum £.a, Chap.3 9.4 Phalanzium antiq fA. 5.Phalang Virgin.£d

{

|

7 ris flocernl.abfol.t-d. 8.Chameiris ninea,f.d. 9.Chameir.lat.fl.rab£.d. To.(hameitlurf.d. 11 (hamvariegar..d.

| Chap.q5. 3.Calansns aromat£.d.

Chap.63.3.Paxicum Americanum,f,d. Chap.64. 3.Phalar.prat.altera.t d

| Chap.65. 2. Alopecuros Auglica.pal.d.

Chap.68. 2 Melamspyrumpurp.£ d 3 Melampyr.carnlfd 4 Melampyr. Lurfd

Chap.70. 5 Asphodelus minimusf d

| Chap.71 3 Ajphod. Lanc.ver.£a | Chap.74. 1 Iris bulbofa Lur.£d

4 [ris bulb.verficol f a 6 Iris bulb flocin.éd 7 Tris bulb flo.alb.f d Chap.7§ 2 Sifjnrichinm mints, € Chap.76 ‘4: Gladiolus lacuftris.f d Chap.77 2 Hyacinthus ftel.albicans,£ 3 Hyacinthus Stel. bifolfd 6 Hyac.ftel.Byzant.fd 8 Hyac feel. Somfd 9 Hyac frel.aft.mai.£d Io Hyac.ftel.est .minf a 12 Hyac.Peruvf d Chap.78 3 Hyac,fel.ver.d. Chap.79 6 Hyac.Or.polyanth£. d 7 Hyac.Or.purp£d $ Hyac.Or.alb.fa 9 Ryac. Bramalusfd 10 Hyac-Or.caule foliofo,fd 11 Hyac.Orflopleno,fd 12 Hyac. Or.flc.carulpleno. fd 13 Hyac.Or.fle.cand.plen.t d 14 Hyac. obfolet. flo, Hifp.fa 15 Hyac. min. Hifp.£ a 16 Hyaclnd.tuber.£d Chap.80 3 Hyacinthus com, Byzant.£ 4 Hyacinth.com.ramofis.a 5 Hyacinth. com.ram.cleg.£d

qqq 3

Chap

i tl

eA dditions.

Chap.84.4 Ware ff-medio-crocens ferot.polyanth.£d 5 Narc.medio parp. flo.plenfd 11 Nare.flore pleno albo,fd 12 Narc.flo.plen. medio lut.fd 13 Narc.flore plen.med.verfic.fd x7 Nare.inncifol.rofealut.£d 38 Nare.inncifol. amplocal.£d 19 Narc.iuncifol.reficx.flo.alb-£ d Rg Narc.iuncifol.reflex.mia.£ da 20 Narc.inncifol.mult.fd 2 3. Narc.vernns prac. flan.£d Chap.85.3 Pfeudonarciffus Hifp.£ 4 Pfendonarc.min.hifpan.fd 5 Pfendonarc.albe floret d (Chap.86.1 Nareifiomuinm maximus fd 2 Naresfmult.Robini. A 3 Pfendonarc.flo.plenof d 4 Narcif.ilmot.d Narc.Tradefcant.d Narc.Parkinfond 5 Nareif-Iacob Indicns fd 6 Narcifinncifol. mont.ming a j 7 Narc.mont.iuncifol.flore fimbriatofd (8 Ware. omninm.min.mont.albtd Chap. 87. Tulparam fig. 23. Chap.88.2Lencotnm wlbofirm pracox Byxant.fd Lencoinm bulb, Aut.ming£ d 6 Leuc.bulb.vernmin.d Chap.89.3 FrittillariaeAquitan.min floobfol. fd. g Frittill.alb.pracextd Cnr nominibus & nots nonem aliarnm varicta-

ne

tum. Chap.90.3 Crocus verni flotur.£

4 Crocus vern.flo.albof

5 Crocus vern.flo.parp£

6 Croc.mont. Autam £

7 Croc.mon. Antum flomaialbid.carul.éd

$8 Crocus Autum.flo.alb.£

9 (vocus vernus angustifol flo.viol.é d

Jo Crocus vernus lat flo.flaufiriis viol. £ d.

UL Crec.vern.lat.firiat.flo. dupl.d Chap. 91 5 Colchicum montanum min. verfie.fio, fd

9 Colchicum latsfoliumfd

Yo Colchicum verfic lore fd

Il Colchicum. flo.pleno fd

12 Colchicum biflor. £d

13 Colchicum vernumé d

44 Colchicum variegat.Chienfe.£d

15 Hermodattyli offic. fd. Chap.92. 4 Ornithogalumb’/pan.minus. fd

5 Ornithogaluns inteum mins £d

6 Buthus vnifolinaf d

7 Ornithogalum mains Arabicum.§ a

8 Ornithogalum {picatum fd

9 Ornithogalum Neapolitanumt d Chap.93.3 Cepa uifpaniea oblonga fd

4 Afcalonttides.t d. Chap.9 4.1 Setlla nifpanica vulg.fd

6 Nareiffus tertins Matchioli.£ A Chap.95 Porrum fettivum ant tonfilefd Chap.96 3 Avmpeloprafon,five Porram {yl.f d Chap.97. 2 Allium {yl.rubent. nul.£d Chap.99.2 Scorodoprafum primum Clap

3 Scorodoprafium minust d

4 Ophiofcoridon£ d Chap.100,6 ALoly Larifolinm flore flans.£d.

7 Moly minus flo.albo,fd

(Chap. 101. 1 Moly Narciffinis foliis prim £ d 2..Moly Narc.feliis fecund.fd : 3 Moly Narc.fol.tertiumfd | 4 Moly mont. larifol.1 Claffd CS 5 Maly mont. fecund.Cluffd 6 Maly ment.3 Cluf fd 7 ns mont.a fpec.d Cluffd 8 Atoly mont.4 fpec.2.Cluf£d lL. 9 Moly mont.5 (laf-fd. Chap.1 03.2 Liliwmrubrums a 4 Lilinm cruentum balbif.£ 5 Lil.crnent. fecundwm caul.bulb.don£, 6 Lilium purpureuns minus fd Chap. 105 2 Lilinm Byzanrinum flo.purpur. fang fd 3 Lilium Byxant flo.diluternbent.td 4 Lilinm Byxant miniatum polyanth,£d Chap.106.1 Lilium rubrum anouftifid 2 Liltum rubrum pracox.d 3 Lilinm mont.Flo,Flav puntt fd 4 Lilium mont flore flavo non punt fd Chap. 110.5 Cynoforchis minor. Pannen £ a Chap. 1114.3 Cynoforchis morio minor. Fd Chap.1 12.4 Tragorchis minor Baranicafd Chap, 113.15 Orchrstrifol.minor £ a 16 Orchus anguftifol.d Chap.115.3 Orchis palmata Pannon.&.Clufk d Chap.116.9 Serapias Batrachites alteraf as Chap.3 17.5 Palma Chriftt max. fa T Chap. 118.2Nidus auis florea canle violat.d

Lis2.

Ce 2 Rapumradice eblongaf d Chap.2.2 Rapifrum arvenfe alt. fa Chap.3 61 Baniae,f 2 Bunias fyl. Lobel £ Chap.5.1 Raphanus farions £ 2 Radicula fat.min§ Chap.7.3 Lepidium annnnm fd Chap. 9. I Sinapifationm,£ 2 Sinapi vulgare d 3 Sinapi fat alt .£ 4, Sinapi album£d a $ Sinapi {yl.minus € Chap. 10. 1 Eruca fativa,t 3 Eraca fl. angufisfoliak 4 Eruca Nafturtie cogs. tennifol & 5 Eruca marinat ‘ 6 Erucaaquatica,d Chap. 15. 2 Eryfimnm alterum Tealicnwa,f Chap, 17.2 Sivm mains anguftifol A 3 Sium umbellatum repens d 4 Sinm alternm Olufatri factefd 6Siam Matthioh & Ital fd Chap. 18.3 Cardamine altera fie. plenofd 3 Siam minus impatiens f d 8 Cardamine pumila Bellidis fol.f d Chap. 19.6 Thlafpi amarnm d Chap.20 Thlafpi Cand.flo,alb.£d Chap-21. 8 Thiafpi perrenm minus,fd j Chap. 22.4 Thlafpi fruticofum folio Lencemar. £ 5 Thlafpi hederacenm,f d Chap.23.2 Turratis mator f d Chap. 24.1 Draba Diofcoridis fd 2 Drabaprim a repensfd 3 Draba alterarepens fd 4 Draba five Arabis quorundam. a Chap.27,3 Erigeron tomentofum alterumtd ,Chap.

Cc.

re

eA dditions.:

Chap.28.2 Lacobea anguftifoliastd , Chap. 82.2 Rha capitatum nngatif. fd

3 Lacobea latifolrat d | 3 Kha verum antigt'd,

Chap.29.5 Cichorinm fpinafimsa | Chap.87. 3 Ophris bifolia bulb Fd Chap.3!. 3 Chondrillelutensl | Chap. 88.2 Ophiogloffon abortivuns, £

4 Chondrilla Hifpanica,t Chap.89. 3 Lunariaminramofatd

9 Cichorium verrucariuméd Chap. 90, 2.Pyrola 2 tenersor. Clufta Chap.32.3 Dens leonis bulbafus. fd 3 Pyrola 2 fruricans Cluffa Chap.3 3.2 Sonches afpersor.£d 4 Pyrola 4 min.Cluffd ;

5 Sonchus lanés muralis£d Chap.g2.3 Limonium: folio finpato.t

6 Sonchus lanzs angeylef.£ d 4 Limonio congener Cluf.td

9 Sonchus arborefcens alt.£d Chap.93 .2 Tripolinm wule.mind-

10 Sonchus fjluaticiad Chap.96,2 Plantago aquat. minor fret Fa Chap. 34.9 Hieracinm falcatum alterum.£ d Chap.97.5 Plantago panniculis fparfis£d- Chap. 35. 5 Hitracizemparonm (vericumfd Chap.9.9:4 Holosteum Jive Leontopod, Cretifd

6 Hieracinm Denti Leonis folio hirft d § Holoft.five Leontod,Cretalt fd :

aChap. 36.1 Pulmon, Gallica,(ive anreaLapé d Chap.1o4. Herba Dorea Lobel £ Cc 3 2 Pulm. Gal five asr.angufif.fd | Herba Doreaaltera d) ©

. 3 Hierachore.larsf-f d Chap.1 Of. 2.Gentiana minparpfd Chap. 38.1 Lattacafylmai.f d Chap.107. 1 Gentianeha verna maior£ d Cc 5 2 Lattuca fjl.minor fol.integris.d oa 2 Gent. Alpinverna 3 Lattuca fyl.fol.difedt.éd 3 Gent. fugax mind Chap.42.3 Betarubra Romanat 4 Gent fugax maid, Chap. 4308 Bliresis maius alb.£ | Chap.1o9.2 Speculum Veneris minus fa

3 Blunm minis alb.£ Chap.1 12.2 Calceolus Marie alteré a

4 Blitum minus rubrum £ Chap.1 14.3 Perficaria pufila repens fd Chap.44.5 Amaranthuspannicula incurva holo 4 Perficarsa filiquofaskd

fericactd Chap-116.5 Trachelium mains perraum Fd Chap.4.3 Atriplex fjl.fine Polyfpermond Chap:1 17.7 Campanula Cymbalarie fold

5 Atripfplvnloarisé d Chap. 118, 4 Rapunculs Alp.Cornicnléa

6 Asrip.fylalserat d 5 Rapunculus cornic.mon fd

9 Acrip.fyl.anguftifol.f a 6 Rapuncules faxarslis, fd

8 Atrip.bacciferatd Chap. i 19. 4 Lencoinm fled Chap.47.1 Acrip.fpllatif.£ 5 Lene.lutenm floampla

2 Atrep fildatifialt.td i 6 Lexcoinm Flo.albo-d Chap.s2.1 Cynocrambest Chap 120.2 Lencoium flo.mmnltipl fd

3 Phyllon thelygon.d 3 Lencoinm fpinofum Cretfa Chap.54.2 Scerpiordes Marth. £ Chap 121.2 Lencoiuvm maarinsima purp.d Chap.5 5.2 Solantm fomniferumfd Chap.1 22. 2 Viola matronalis ‘flore, multipl.d Chap.58.2 Wirib ila peruvflo.alb.£ 3.4 Viota Mat, Flocbfol.five Lexcoinm Melans Chap.66.3 Ayofcyamus albsmnéd cholicum. fd

4 Hyofeyanus alb.Crethd Chap.124.2, dlyffium Diofeoridis £

5 Hryofepamats florub.td Chap 126.3 Lychnis Coronaria mult fd Chap.68 3 Tabacum mink d Chap. 127.1 Lychnis Sjlrnb Flo, £ Chap.7}.2 Capficum rotundiér filigk d Chap.12 7:7 Lychnis caliculis firiatis 2.(lnf.a

cum 12aAltis varieratibis. , i 8 Lych fylalb.9.Clafd Chap.7%.3 Papauer corniculatum phanic. glb td Chap.128. 1 Lychasis Sil-maleiptparp.£d Chap.7 3.3 Papaner finabriatum album, td 2 Lychnis Gjlalbamult.fd

5 Papaver fylfd C.< 3 Lychnis abortiva flovneule.virid.£ a Chap. 76. 7 Anemone latifolia duplo flauo flare 4 Lych.fjl.lat.Cluf.f d

fd 5 Lych.mont.repens Fd €Chap.7.1 Anemone Latif fle.coccia, fd Chap.12.9.2 Ly/imachsaluveamin. fd 2 eAnem.latef flo.magcoccint a 3 Lyfimachia lut.Flo glob. fd 3 Anemlatif. Byxant& d 4 Lyfimachia lat.virgin.£ A | 4 Anem.tenfloamplfanged 7 Chamanerion£ @n < 5 Axemstenflo.Coccin.td 8 Chamenerion alt.anguftif fd + 6 eAnem.tenfladilute purp. £4 9 Lyfimachia caralea. 7 Anem.tenflo.cxalb.t d 10 Ly/imachiagalericulata. £ 8 Anemten flocerul.firiat£ d t Lyfimachia parp.minor.£d ] 9 Aner.tenfloplen.coccing A Chap.134) 1. Coniza matr.fd ( 10-dnem.ten.floatropurp. fd 2 Conizamin.£d Chap.7 8. 3 Anem.nemorum.flo.pleno albf 3 Conizxa media.d

4 Anem.nem flo.pleno, purp£d C.K 4 Conizxa minima Chap. 7904 Pulfatilla Flore minore£ d 5 Coniza folis lacin£d

5 Pslfaril.flolat.d 6 Conizapaluftrss ferratifol.d Chap.8 L.2.Lapathum.fylfolaminacutatd 7 Conixa daft. Cluffd Chap.82.5 Lapathum fativam fang 8 Lonized

8 Coniza incana,t.d.

9 Coniza Alpina pilofif, fid.

10 (oniza cerulea Acris,t.d,

Ch.132.2 After tal.f.d,

5 After Conixoides Geli, es

6 After lut.fup.Cluf.f,

7 After ut. fol. fuccife, f,

$ Affer falicis folio, t. :

9 After Auftriacus 5.Cluf.f. io After 6. Clufrf.

ur After 7. (life fe

12 After Virginian. finticof. de 13 After fruticofus minor, d

Ch. 13 3., Glafam fylneftre,f.

Ch. 13 §. 2 Se(amoisles Salamanticumparvnm,do 3 Sefamoides parvum Marth, de’

Ch. 139: 10 Tithymalus characiasangupifel.£.d. 1x Tithymalus eharacias ferratifol.t.d. 1z Tithymalus dendroides.ex cod. Caf. fe 17 Efula exigua Tragiyfd,

23 Apios radice oblonga, fide

Ch.141. 1 Aloe vulgaris, f.

Ch. 142. 2 Sedum masus arborefcchs, f. 5 Sedum maius angupifol.f.

Ch.143. 3 Sedum minus aftivam, f 4 Sedum minus flo. ampla. f.

5 Sedum medium teretifolinm, fd, 6 AixoonS corpisides, f,

7 Sedum Portlandicum, fo

§ Sedum petranm, f,

Ch.144. 1 Sedum minus palustre, td. 2 Sedum Alpinum 1 Cluf-f.d.

‘Cc 3 Sedum Alptaum 3 (lug. fide

4 Sedum Alpinum 4 Cluf. fd. 5 Sedum petranm Buplenri folios fide Ch. 147+3 Telephium legitimum Imperati, fd. Cha.t49+1 Halisous latifolius,f. 2 Halimsus anguftifol. procumbens, fe 3 Halimus vulgaris, d. 4 Vermicularis frutex minor, fi 5 Vermicularis frutex maior, f. Ch.1§0. § Chameapitys fburia alt, Dod. f. 6 Chameapitys Auffr.f, Ch.s51.2 Vosbelicus ven. fine Cotyhal f, 3 Vmbelicws ven. min. d. 4 Cotyledon min, mont, alt.f.d, 6 Cymbalaria Italica, f.de Ch. 155. 2 Kati mazus fem, cochleato,£. 3 Kali minus, f. Ch.157.2 Cerinthe afperior flore flauo,f.d. Ch.158. 3 Hypericum tamentofium Lobf.d- 4 Hypericum fupinnm glabrum, fd. 5 Hypericum pulehrum Tragi,d. Chap.1$9.2 -Afcyron/upinum palustre, d. Ch, 160.2 Androfemuin hypericoides, id. c Ch, 161.1 (oris Matth. f.d. rf 5 2 Coris coerulea Mon|pelafude €h. 162.2 Centauri mains alt, be Ch. 164. 5 Antirrhinnm min, repens, fd. Ch. 165+ 3 Linariapurp. alt.f. 4, Linaria Valentina (lnf.f. 9 Ofyris flana (yl. fd. 8 Linaria quadrifol, fupina, d. 32 Pafferinalinaria folio, f. | 13 Pafferinaaltera, da. | 14 Linaria adulterina,d. Ch.166. Linnmfationm,f.

eA dditions.

Ch. 107.3 Linum yl. latifol.£.

5 Linum jl. catharticum, fd.

6 Linnm (yl. latifol. 3 Cluf.d.

7 Linum marinum lat. f.d.

Ch.170. 3 Polygonum marinum max.de Ch. 171.2 Anthyllis Valentina Cluf£,

3 Polygonum ferpillifolinm,f.d,

5 Saxifraga Anglicana alfinefolia, de

6 Saxifraga paluftris alfinefolia,f.do Cha,172.2 Millegrana minima, te Ch.173.7 Serpillum citrarum,f,

8 Serpillum hirfutum, f.d.

Ch. 175. 4 Satureia Cretica, f.d, . Ch. 177. 5 Hyffo pus parna anguft. folijs fd, Ch.178. 2 Gratiola angastifolia, fd. Ch.180,. 4 Stechas fummis caulic, nudis fd. Ch.182. Caryophyl.fig. 4. Ch.183.Caryophy i. plum, albus odorat. F.de

8 Caryophyll. pumil. Alpinus, fd.

at Caryophyll, prat.f.

13 Caryephyll, mont. hum, lat. f.

14 Caryophyll. mont .alb.f.d.

17 Caryophyl.hum. flore cand.ameno,f.d. Ch.184. 5 drmeria prolifera, Lob, dy Ch.185. 3 eArmeria prar. flo.pleno, f. Ch.186. 3 Adufcrpula anguffifol. f.d.

C 5 Ch.188. 1 Saxifrag. mag. Mat. fd. ; 2 Saxifrag, antiq. Lub: fd.

Ch.189. 4 Prarmica Imperati, d,

Ch.tor. 3 Lithofpermum Anchufe,fac. fs

4 Anchufa degener,f.

Ch. 192 11 eine rotundifolia, f.d. 12 Alfine paluft ferpilsfol. f.d, 13 Alfine baccifera, f.d. Ch.19 4.3 Anagallis rennifol.f.d. Ch.195. 3 eAnagallis aquat. rorundifal, fod, 4 Anagahis aquat. 4. Lob.f.d, 5 (tpea, fd. Chitg6. 1 Aathyllis lenrifolia,£.

2 Ambyllis marina incana,.

3 Anthyllis altera Iralorum, 4.

Ch. 197. 5 Veronica finticans ferpilifol.f.d.

7 Veron. [picata lated, :

8 Veronica fupina,f.

Ch.198. 3 Nammularia flo.purp.fde Chy205.8. Gnaphalinms Americanim. f.

13 Gnaphalinm oblongo folio, fd.

14 Guaphalins minus lat. fol, £. 4. Ch. 207. 1 Stechascitrina,f.

2 Amaranthus luteus latifol. d. Ch.208.3 Ageratnm folijs non ferratis,£.

4 Ageratum floribus albis,f.d, Ch.209.4 Tanacetums in odor, waits, f.do Ch.210. 3 Matricaria Alpina Claf. f. Ch.211, 5 Polinm lauandule folio, fd. Ch.213. 3 Tencrinm mains Pann. f.de

4 Tencrium petranm pnmil. fd, Ch.215. Scorodonia,f. Ch.219. 3 Tragoriganum Creten{e, f.d. Ch. 221, 1 Puleginm reginm, f>

2 Puleginm mas, f.

Ch, 222.4 Ocimum Indicnm, fd. Ch.223. 3 Corchorus,f. 4, Acinos Anglicum Clufij, d. 5 (linopodinm Auftr.f.d. 6 Clinopodinus Alpinum, f.d. 7 Acinos odoratiff.d.

a ees

Ch, 225, 4. Menthacardiaca, f. Mentha fpicata alt. f.d. Ch, 227. 3 Mentaftrum,f.d. 4 Mentaftr. niv. Angl. f.d. 5 Mentaftrum minus,f.d. 6 Mentaftr. mont. 1 Clufvf.d. 7 Mentaftrum tuberof.rad. Cluf.f.A.

Ch. 229.3 CMeliffa Fuch. flo.alb. & purp.f.2-

4 Herba Iudaica Leb £. Ch.231. 3 Stachys Sbinofa Cretica, f.d. 4 Stach is Lufitan. fd. 45 Siderites {cordioides A 6 Sideritis Alpina Hyffopifolia, f. £Ch.2 32.1 Stderitis vulgare, f.d. 2 Siderits angu/tifol.£.d. 3 Sideritis procumb.ramofa, F.4d.

C.k 4 Siderites procumbens non ramofas.d .

5 Siderstis humilis lato obtufo folio, d, 6 Sideritis latifolia glabra, f.d. (7+ Sideritts arvenfis florub.d. Ch.233, Marrubinen aquat.f. Ch. 234. 2 Marrubinm nigrum longifol.f.d, Ch. 235. 2 Laninm Pannon. §.

5 Galeopfis vera,f.d.

6 Lamium Pannon.3 (Iuff.a. Ch.238. 2 Cannabis fom... Ch.239.2 Cannabis fpuria alt.f.

3 Cannabis fpuriatert.f.

Ch. 240. 2 Expat. Cannabinum mas £. Ch.245.5 Scrophularia Ind. f.

3 Scrophularia flo, lut £.d. Ch.247.2 Scabiofarubra Auftr.d.

8 Scabtofa mont. alb.f.d,

13 Scabiofa min. Bellidis fol.£. 4.

14 Scabiofa flo. pall... -

15 Scabiofa prolifera, f.d.

16 Scabiofa rubra Indica, £.d,

17 Scabiofa aftivalis Cluf£.d. Ch.249. 7lacea Auftr.villofa,£.d.

8 Lacea capitulis hirfut.d Ch.250. 4 Stebe Rofmarinifol.f.d,

5 Stabe ex Cod.Cafar.f.d. Ch.zgt.9 Cyanus repens latifol. f.d.

10 Cyanus repens angustifol £.d. Ch.25 3.4 Viperarsa anguftifol. clatipr, £.

5 Viper.Pannon.anguft.d.

Ch.256. 1 Chry/anthemumfegetum, f.

3 Chryfanth. Alp. 1 Claf. f.d.

4 Chryfanth. Alp.2 Cluf.£.d.

5 Chryfanth. Cret. f.d,

6 Chryfanth, Baticum Boeli, d.

7 Chryfanth. tenuifol. Bat. Boct. d. Ch. 260. Flos folts pyrarsidales, f.d.C.

Ch.262. 3. Lencanthenum Alpinum Claf.f.d,

Ch.264. 5 Doronicum angeftifol. Avfirt.d, 6 Doronicum Stiriacuen flo .amp.£.d. 7 Doronicum maximum,{.d. Ch.205.7 Saluia abfinthites,d. 8 Salusa (ree.pomifera & non pomif.f.2.d. Ch.266.2 Verbafcum anguftis faluie fol £. 3 Phlomos Lychnites Syr.£.d. Ch.267. 3 Colus lonis,f, Ch.268. 3 Horminum (yl, larifol.f.d. 4 Horminum {j1. flo.alb. f.d. 5 Horminum Syl. flo.rub.f.d. Ch.271. 3 Blattaria flo. viridi, f. 4 Blattaria flo.ex vir. prrpurafe. £.

i

$ Blartarsz flo. albo,£.d.

6 Blatraria fle. amplo,£.d,

7 Blatraria flo.lut. fd.

Ch.273-8 Primula veris Aeskechi, f, Ch.277. 3 Digitalis lutea, f. ;

4 Digital: #5 ferru iginea ft.

5 Digitalis ferrug. minor, d. Ch.278. Bacchar, (Monfpel.£, Ch.283. 3. Bugloffa fyl.min.£.d, Ch.284. 2 Anchnfa lutea, f.

3 Anchufa minor, f,

Ch.283, 2 Echiim valeanesy

3 Echivm palloflore,t.d.

4 Echinm rubro fle. fd}

Ch.286. 2 Cynoglyfum Grat.f,

Cynogloff. (ret. ale. f.d,

QO ynoglof]. minus fol, ujrente,£, Ch.287. 3 Symphyramstuberofican, f,

4 Symphytum par. Borag «fac fd. Ch.z90. 2 Tifilage Alpina, f.d.

C. Ch.292.1 Cacalia incand folio, hd.

5 2 Cacalia folio glabro, fd. Ch.297 ne) Potamogeiton anguft, d.

3 Potamogeiton 3 Dod.f.

4 Potamogeitos ling. acnt.folijs, F.d. Ch.298. 2 Tribulus aguat min. quer flo. f.d,

3 Tribulus agdat. min, Mufcat fio.f.d. Ch.300.4 Millefolsum renusfol.f,

5 Millefol paluftr, galeric. f,

6 Myriophyllon aquat minus, d. Ch,302. 3 Stelaria aquatica, Ch.304.2 Arim eAgyptiacum,f.

Ch. 307. 2 Soldancla Alp. maior. f.

3 Soldanella Alp. minor, tid.

Ch. 308.2 Gramen Parnaffi flo,dup/.f. Ch.309. Saxifraga alba petraa,t.d. Ch,310. 3 Cyclamen vernum,f.

4 (yelamenverniem album, fd.

5 An Cyclamino: alt. f.

Ch.311.4 Ariffolochia Saracenica, f

5 Piftolochia, €.

6 Pist.( rer. fine Virginiana, fd Ch.314.2 Hederafaratilis, tdi Ch.315. 3 Hedera Virginiana,d.

Ch.3 17. 4 Convolvulusargentens, de Ch. 318. 2 (onnolvulus cer fol,rot.£.d. 3 (exvolv.carul.min£.d. Ch.3 19. 3 Scammoninms Monfpel .f. Ch. 321. 3 Bryouia nigra tantum florens,d. Ch.322. Jalapizm,d° Ch.326. 4 Clematis car.flopleno,f.d. Ch.327. (lematis cruciata Alpina,t.d. Ch.3 30.2 Clematis Daphnoides maior, f. Ch. 334. Apocynim Syr. Cluf.f. Ch.336. 2 Periploca latifolia, f. Ch.337.6 Polygoxarum Virginianam, a. h.3.42. 2 Cstrulliss minor, t. Ch.345.Macocks Virginiani,d.

Melones aquat edules, Virged- Ch.352.5Maluacftina Hifpanicesf.d. Ch.353. 5 Alcea fruticofa cannab. Ch.355.3 Alcea £gypr.f.d.

Ch.3 56.2 Geraninn: colum, mais diffett. fol. ds

3 Geran. faxatile, d.

Ch.360. 2 Geranium batrachiordes alt. f.d, 3 Geran. Batrachioides pullo Fl.fd. 4 Geran. batrach. long.rad.f.d.

sienna ceca camera oer a cS NE eA dditions. ;

>

Ch. 363.

eA Adibionts.

Ch.363. 1 Geraniam bulb.Pen.£.d. 2 Geran. nodofum Plateas, f.d. (oF 3 Geran. argent. Alp.£.d. 4 Geran. batrach. flo. var. d. 5 Geran. Ind. flo. maculato,d. Ch. 367. 13 Ranunculus hirfat, Alp flo alb fd.

14 Ranmont bir fut parphd.

Ch. 369.2 Ranunculus Afiat. Floplen.ming, d.

3, Ran. Afiat.Flo.plen. prolifero,t.d.

5 Ran.grum. rad.ramofis,td.

6 Ran. grum.rad. Floalb.f.d.

7 Ran.cAfiat.grumaad.Flo flav.vardeds Ch.371. 1 Rax.Cret.Jatifolfid.

2 Ran. folio plant.f.d,

3 Ran.mont.F lomin, f.d.

4 Ran.mont.Flo.maj. f.d,

5 Ranpracox rut fol.fid.

6 Ran. pracox Thalietrifol.fd.

7 Kan. parvus echinat.f.d.

Ch. 376. 4. Aconitum lycott. ex: cod. Caffe

5 Acon.lycott.birfur. fd.

6 Acon, Violacenm, £.d.

7 Aconitum purp. Neuberg. f.d,

8 ettonitum max. Ludenberg. f.d.

9 Acon.max nutant.comatd. Ch.380.5 Paonia promifcwa,f.

6 Peoniafemina pumila, t.

7 Pwonia Byxant.f.d.

Ch.381. 5 Peconia Pentaphyll.alt. f, Ch.382. 6 Pentaphyllon fup. Torm.fac.d.

9 Pextaphyll. incanum minus rep.d.

it Quinguefol. Syl. minus fd.

12 Quinquefol. min. flo. aur. f.d,

13 Pentaphyllum fragif. f.d.

Ch. 385. 4 Caryophyll. mont.purpf.d,

5 Caryophyll. Alp. ming.d.

Ch.386 Fragaria fratts hifpide, d. Ch.387. 3 Archangelica, f.

Ch. 391. Laferpitinm, £.

Ch.395.2 Coriandrum alt.minod. £. Ch.396. 3 eApium, fine Petrofel. Virgina, Ch.3 98. Oreofelinnm, f.

Ch.399. 1 Petrofelinum Macedon .Fuchf. Ch.400. Selinum Si fol, £.4.C.

Ch.402. Apinm fl. fine Thefftlium Phin. f, Ch.403. 2 Cancalis Apy fol.f

4 (aucalis maior, f d.

5 (aucalis minor flofe.rnb.£.d.

6 (ancalis nodo.echinato fem.t.a. Ch.407. 2 Pastinaca fatina atrorubens, f. Ch.414.2 Anifiem Ind frell.f.d.

Ch.4i5. 2 Ammi (reticum,f.

ie) >a ¢

Ch.gry. 2 Aathrifous, fd. Ch.4.19.2 Barba Capri Tragi, d. Ch.421. 3 Pimpinellafanguiforba max. d. Ch.422.1 Saxifraga eAng. fac. [felt prat.f. 2 Saxifraga Pannon fide ; Chap 424. 2 Sefeli (retic, maj. 3 Sefeli montanum maitts, fe 4 Sefeli Maffilienfe, f. i Ch.q25.2 Meum als, Thal. f.

2 Fer#lago, ts

Ch.427. 3 Panax A(clepium, fd. | Ch. 435.2 Chelidon, mai. fol.mag diffetto, F.d. | Ch. 440. 6 Valeriana Mexican, f. | § Valeriana annua Cluf. fd.

9 Valer, Alp. lat.£.d.

10 Valer.cAlp.anguft, f.d. Ch.442, 3 Confolidareg. Flo.dup, f.d.

4Confol reg. elat, Flo.plen.f,d.

Ch.443. 4. 4Lelanthium Dam. F lo.plea Lid,

6 Nigella Hip. Flo.amp.f,d.

Ch. 447. 4 Aquilegia var, fd.

5 Aquil.Floinner{o rubro, fd.

6 Aquil.F lo inuerfo albo, fd,”

7 Aquil. Florofhd.

8 Aquil. degener, f, d,

Ch.q457.6 Drypis, f Ch.460, 4 Rubia [picata Cretica, f.d.

5 Rubia {ynanchica, d,

6 Rubia minima, fd,

Ch.462. 2 Rabiacrusiata laws, fd, Ch.463-2 Afperula Flo.carulfe

3 Sagina fpergula, f,

4 Spergula marina, d.

5 Spergula rubra, dy Ch.565, Filicis maris variet.£d,

Ch. 467.3 Polypodinm Ind. fd, Ch.468, Dryopteris Adu, fide Ch.zo, 3 Hemionitis maior, fe

4, Hem.minor,f.

5 Hem. peregrina, f.

Ch.472. 4 Chamafilix mar. Angl.§ Ch.475.2 Acanthus fyl, acnlearusf, Ch.478. 2 Carduns globof.acut.f,

3 (ardaus glob.min.f.

5 Carduus glob, cap, latisre, re

6 (arduus eviocephalus,f.

Ch.481. 1 Carlina canlefcens, £.

3 Carlina acaulos min. Flo.purp.f.d, Ch.485- 5 Erynginmpulil.plan. fod. Ch.487. 3 Dipfacus minor,f. Ch.488. 1 Carthamus, f.

Ch. 490. 9. Picnomos, a.

Chiao3. 1 Cirfines max. Afphod. rad. fd.

5 2 Cirfium maivalter fa.

3, Cirfinm fol. non hirfut£.d, Q . 4 Cirfmontcap.parvf.de 9) 5 Cirf,. mont. Alngl £3 de (q 6 Carduus mollis fol. digett fd. . 7 (4rd,moll fol. Lapathi, fid.

Ch.494.3 Trifol.mai.Flo.alb,

4 Trifel. mai.Florpurp fs

5 Trifol. lat lupul.f,

6 Trifol. lut.min f. Ch.496. 6. Coronopus ex cod. Caf, fd

8 Trifol. lut.fil.corn fd. Ch.497. 1 Lagepus max. f.

2 Lagop. mai. [pica long fd.

3 Lagop. anguft. Hifp.td. Ch.500. Fenum-Grecum fyl.f. Ch.501, Lotus filiqua quad f.d. Ch. 502 Medica frntt.cochleat. fpingd. 4 Ar,

QCh.506. 1 Trifold. filiqua lun fd. 2 Trifol.ang. Alp, C.«

4 Trifol. frag £.d. i 5 Trifel. ftell, hirfut.de 6 Trif. frell.glab.d,

Chizo7.

eA dditions,

Ch.s07. Faba vnlgarts,d, Ch.47. Taxws glandi baccif. Eom 5 375 859 » Phafeolor. Pegrin. Var. 9.CHm Tacns pa we aie _ fig:3-dig- ; Ch.48. 3 Laniperus Alp. min. fd, Ch.s09. 4 Lupinus mai. flo.cer.£.d. Ch.49. 3 Cedvaslycianle Ed, Ch.st5. nM es Ch.50. 3 Sabina bacc.alt. f.d, 2 Vicia mac. ee d. Ch. 52. 3 Evicamai.flo.alb.d. 3 Vicia fyl. fla. alb. f.d, 9 Erica baccif-procumbens, f. 5 Vicia {yl. fine Cracca min. f.d, ' 10 Erica baccif. rend oh Ch.gi6. 1 Lathyrus mai.larifol 11 Ericapum. 3, Dod f. d 2 co ang. flo.alb.f, 12 Erica ternis per intermalla ramis, fds ae fr enguft ae ahrg ia 13 Erica peregrin, Lob. £.d, 4 wi ape $s 14 Erica coris folio 7 Cluf.f.d, 5 ae a coe: 15 Erica Corts fol.o (uf. f.d. _ 6 Lath. fy fia.lut £, : Ch.54. 2 Vitex lat, ferat. folio,f.d, Ch.518. 2 Hedyfarum Sheyrrbizatuma,t. Ch.55«8 Salsx hums, repens, €. 3 Hedjfar. mai. Siliquis artic. f. Ch.61.3 Syringa Arabicat.d. 4 Securidaca min.pal. carn! f. Ch.z1.2 Myrtus Batica lat. f. 5 Secur. min. lut £.d. Myrt. exot.f. a 6 Secur. fil plan.dentt.d. 4 More fut ialb f 25 Hedyfar.clyp.f. 5 Myrtus ming. Chistg. 2 Affragalus fyl. fdi ' 6 Myrt. Beticafyl. f.d. Ch, pee 3 ie Matth.f. Ch.73.6 Vite Idea fol. fubrotind. maid. 4 Affragaloi tesjf. : Ch.77-2 Sambucus fruttu alb¥. Ch.s21 “3 Ornithopodinm mai. f, Ch,89. Anellana pum.Byz.f.d. 4 Ornithopod. minf. Ch.g1. 3 Caftanee Pern. fink fd. 5 Scorpiordes leguminofa, f.d. Chig4.5 Perficaflo.pleno,d. Ch.526 ; Orobus ee Ch.98. 2 Mepilusfativaaltf.d, c : abs Syl. foalb fd. 4 (hamemefpilus,€. a rab jake i Ch.t13. 2 Alnus hirfur£.d, Ch.s27. 1 Ochris le Ernilia,f.d. Yiu unsheeean ieee C 2 para fd, 3 Ulmus fol, lariff.(cab.f.d. 3 Aphaca,t.de 4 4 Vimus ful. glab. d. 4 Legumen mar long rad. d, Ch.t18. 1 Acer mai. £,

Ch.528. 3 Talittrum mai. Hispana.

Ch.531. 6 Ruta canin.f.d Chart g. 5 Pophlas alba foliss minor, f.

Ch.122. 2 Zizypha Cappadocica, f.

LIB. 3. g : es 6 Rofa lut. manltipl. ie ee : Ma presen 6s angi. d, Ch ; ile bia cae ale Se f. Ch.136 A4n/e fruttys exatt.icon,f.d, .3- 2 Rofa fjl. odor. flo. dup. f. Ch.14s. 3, Ballamum Alp. €.d.

Ch.4, 2 Rubus repens frutlu caffo,d. Ch.5, 19 Ciftus ann. flo. mac. fd. 20 Ciftus folio fampfuch. f.d.

Ch.146. 2 Molle arboris adultaranmus,f, Ch.153.5 Piper candatum,f. Ch.159.Frattus Indici & exotic, quorum figs

Ch.6. 7 Chamacifts ferpillifol.£.d. c.S§

8 Chamacistus Frif.t.d. : siebp te Se b8 ene Ch.7. 15 Cifies Ledon folis Rofm.f.d. Ch.162.6 afeus hen nae . Ch, 12. Giycyrrhiza vilg.£. 12 Mufe.clenat.fo ar": .

14 Mufc. parv fiell.£.d,

Ch.17. Orobanches triplex var.£.3.

Ch.20. 5 Genifta fpinofa humilis, de

Ch.z5. 2 Tragacantha minicon accur. 3 Poterion Lob. f.

Ch.26. 1 Acacia Diofc.f.

Ch.27.2 Lycium Hifp.f.

£ hg. I bom abe : 3 Alga, t.d. fd Rhamn.alt.flopurp.f.d. 9 Fucus phafganoi es obeys ce. 2 Rhamnusrz (lafif.d. 10 Fucus (pong nod. f.d,

| 3 Rhamnus 3 (luf.d- 11 (onferna,t.d. fd

Ch.30, 1 Rhamnus folut.£. Ch.165.7 Fucus ferul. «

2 Rhamn. fol. min. fd. § Fucus tenuifol.alt.f.d.

3 . fol,pumil. d, 9 Mufcusmar.Cluft.d. ges faba te 10 Afufins mar sertins Ded.f.d. ae ; 11 Abses mar Belg.( laff. d-

Ch.3 «. Cerri minoris rars.cum flo, f. Gis. 2 Galla maior alt.£.d. f Ch.166.5 Coralo:des alb.£.d.

Ch.164.3 Lichen mar.rotund.£.d. 4 Quernus mar.var £.d. § Quern.mar.fecnnd.t A, 6 Quern.mar.tertia£.d. 7 Quern, mar. quartast.d,

Ch.4o. 2 Prcea pumila, 6 Coral.rub.f.d, ;

DBs 8 Pinaffer Aufrr. f.d, 8 Spong .infundibnls Mae 9 PinaSter mar. min fds 9 Spongia ramo/a,£ de

Ch.43.2 Abies mas, f. Ch.167. Fungoram fig.14-

) The Appendix contasnes figg6. deferip.7 20 THE

Abjeris ramus curs lalis f.

a rane a aaa = 2S 5 SE

H) = \ 4 et wt I=}

j

THE FIRST BOOKE OF

THE HISTORIE OF PLANTS: :

Containing Grafses, Rufbes, Reeds, Corne, Flags, and Bulbous,

or Onton-rooted Plants.

PI ssmsssy N this Hiftorie of Plants it would be tediou.

Zpee dH to vie by. way of introduétion, any curious difcourfe vpon the general! diuifion of Plants, contained in Latine vnder 4/bor, Fribex, Suffrutex, Herba : or to fpeake of the differing names of their feuerall parts, more in Latine than our vulgar tongue canwellexprefle. Orto go about to teach thee, or rather to beguile thee by the fmell or tafte, to gueffe at the temperature of Rlants :whenas all and-euery of thefe in their place thall Y haue their true face and note, whereby thou maift both: know and vfe them.

In three bookes therefore, as in thtee gardens,allour Plants faa are beftowed ; forted as neereas might be inkindred & neigh- bourhood. 3

‘The firft booke hath Graffes,Rufhes,Come, Reeds, Flags, Bulbous or Onion-rooted Plants.

The fecond, moft forts ofherbes vfed for meate, medicine; or fiveet {melling.

Thethird hath Trees, Shrubs, Buthes, Fruit-bearing Plants, Rofins,Gummes, Rofes, Heathes, Moffes, Muthroms, Corall, and their feuerall kindes.

Each booke hath chapters, as for each herbea bed : and euery Plant prefents thee with the La- tine and Englifh name in the title, placed ouer the pi@ture of rhe Plant.

Then followes the kindes, defcription, place, time, names, natures, and vertues, Agreeing with the beft receiued opinions.

Laft ofall thou haft a general! Index, as wellin Latine as Englith, witha carefull fupply like- wife ofan Index brlinguisof barbarous names.

And thus hauing given thee a generall view. of this garden, now with our friendly labours wee wall accompany thee, and leade thee through a Gra fle-plot, little or nothing of many Herbarifts heretofore touched , and beginwith the moft common or beft knowne Graffe, whichis called in Latine, Gramen pratenfe: and then by little and little condué thee through mott pleafant gardens and other delightful! places, where any herbe or plant may be found fit for meate or medicine.

11

y 3 a G y 4 H i) d y g Bi 4) 4 4 q

ONG AO SS

A \ Ly wou 9€ Pee

Cuan Of Medow-Graffe. .

2X Here be fundry and infinite kindes of Graffes not mentioned by the Antients , either as eas vnneceflarie ro be fet downe,or vnknowne to them: onely they make mention of fome 33 few, whofe wants we meane to fupply, in fuch as haue come to our knowled ge,teferring ~ the reft to the curious fearcher of Simples, @ The Defeription,

j] OMmon Medow Grafle hath very {mall tufts or roots, with thicke hairy: threds depending vpon the higheft turfe, matting and creeping on the ground with a | mot thicke and apparant fhew of wheaten leaues,lifting vp long thinne ioyated ss and light ftalks, afoorora cubit high,growing fimall and fharpe at the top,with 2 loofe care hanging downward, like the tuft or top of the common Reed,

ne ee

2 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. -Lizet

2 Small medow Graffediffereth from the former in varietie of the foile ; foras the firft kind sroweth in medowes, fo doth this {mall graffe clothe the hilly and more dry grounds vntilled,and barren by nature , a Grafte more fit for fheepe than for greater cattell. And bec: aufe the Linde of Grafle dodifferap parantly in root, tuft, ftalke, leafe, theath ,eare,or creft,we may affure our felues that they are endowed with feuerall vertues, formed by the Creator for the vie of man, although

they haue been by a common negligence hidden and ynknowne. And therefore in this out Labor

we haue placed cach. of them in th reir feuerall bed,where the diligent fearcher of Nature may,if fo he pleafe, place his learned obferuations,

2 Gramtnpratenfe minus. Small Medow-graffe.

@ The Place. oweth ofit fel fe vnfet or vnfowen oe where,but the fmall medow

Common Medow-grafic -thvpon dry and barren grounds, as partly wee haue touched in the

iffe for the moft part gt

dacicription.

@ The Time.

Concerning the time when Graffe a h and feedeth, I fuppofe there is none fo fimple but knoweth it, and that it continueth all the whole yeare, feeding in june and Iuly. Neither needeth itany propagation or replanting by feed or othe pretes no not fo muchas the watery Grafles , but that they r — rthem({clues againe,although they] 1aue beene drowned inwater all the Winter

eare in the wilde fennes in Lincolnth ire and fuch like places. q The lh Names.

in L atine, Gramen, as it is thous ght, az aX adicne lo ptt sees at radices : for it groweth, gocth, or fpre: adeth it felfe vnfet or

er: ounds, cloathing them witha faire and per fe& greene. It is yearely mowed, in fome places twice,and in fome rare places thrice ; then is itdried ‘and withe- red by the heare of the Sunne, with often turing it ; and then is it cal led Fanum, ne[cio an a fenore liaklag :in French, Leherbe du praiX. q The Nature, ’ roots and feeds of Graffe are of more vfe in phyficke than the herbe, and are accounted of

17 1

riters moderately to open obftruétions,and prouoke vrine,

s Th

Catt ~SMktle HiftorfafPlinx) a

@ Thevertues.

The decodtion of Graffe with the roots of Parfley drunke; helpeth thediffurie, and prouoketh vrine,

The roots of Graffe, according to Galen, doe glew and confolidate together new and bleeding wounds.

The inyce of Graffe mixed with honey and the pouder of Sothernwood taken in drinke, killeth wormes in children; but if the childe be young, or tender of nature, it thal] fuilice. to.mixe the iuyce of Graffe, and the gall ofan Oxe or Bull together, and therewith anoint the childes belly; and lay a clout wet therein vpon the nauell, :

Fernelius faith, that graffc doth helpe the obftruétions of the liuer, reines and kidnies and the inflammationofthe raines called Nephritis.

Hay fodden in water till itbe tender, and applied hot to the chaps of beafts that be chap-fal- len, through long {tanding in pound or ftable without meate, isa prefent remedie,

Cuar.2 Of Red Dwarfe-Graffe.

; @ The Defiription,

i Warfe Graffe is one ofthe leaft of Graffes. The root confifts of many little bulbes, coueted with a reddith filme of skinne,with very many {mal hairy and white ftrings : the tuft or eare is of a reddith colour,and not much differing from the grafle called

Ifchemon, though the eare be fofter,broader,and more beautifull.

it 1 Gramen minimum rubrum, fine Xerampelinum, F

Red Dwarfe-graffe, % Gramen minimum album,

ee White Dwarfe-graffe,

¢ Q

LES

Vl SS = NEN

t 2 Thiskindeof Graffehath {mall hairy roots; the leaues are finall and fhort, as alfo the ftalke, which on the top thereof beares a pannicle not much vnlike the{mall medow Graffe , but Ieffe: the colour thereof is fometimes white, and otherwhiles reddih ; whence fome haue gitren two figures,which I thinking needleffe, haue onely retained the later,and for the former giuen the figure of another Graffe, intended by our Author to be comprehended in this Chapter. 5

= Ee i meee : 3 Small

A, B

c

ear

ye

ie { ‘ ;

a Of the Hiftorie of Plants. L

3 Smallhard Graffe hath {mall rootscompaé of little firings or threds, from which come forth many foure rufhy leaves of the length ofan inch and ahalfe : the tuft or care is compact of many pannicles or very little cares, which to your feeling are very hard or harfh. This Graffe is vnpleafant,and no wholefome food for cattell.

4 Rufh-graffe isa {mall plant fome handfull high, hauing many fmall ruthy leaues tough and pliant, as are the common Rufhes : whereupon do grow {mall {ealy or chaffie huskes, in ftcad of floures, like thofe of Ruthes, but fmaller. The root is threddy like the former. + There isa va- tietic of this to be found in bogs, with the feeds bigger,and the leaues and whole plant lefler, £

a

LB. I.

3 Gramen minus duriufculum,

“ 4 Gramenjunceum, Small hard Graffe,

Rufh-graffe,or Toad-graffe. fon curs kee fo eV ERS

t

} q The Place. .

The Dwarfe-grafle doth grow onheathy rough and dry barren grounds in moft places of Eng- Jand. + Thatwhich I haue giuen you I haue not as yet obferued growing in any part of Eng land. +

The white Dwarfe-graffe is not fo commonas the former, yet doth it grow very plentifully a- mong the Hop gardens in E flex and many other places.

Small Hard-grafle groweth in moift freth marifhes,and fuch like places.

Ruth-grafle groweth in falt marifhes neere vnto the fea, where the marifhes haue beene ouer- flownewith falt water. + Italfo groweth in many wet woods, Janes,and fuch places,as in the lane going by Totenham Court towards Hampftead. The lefler varietie hereof growes on the bogges vpon Hampftead heath. +

; q The Time. Thefe kindes of Graffes do grow, floure,and flourith when the common Medow eraffe doth. q The Names.

It fufficeth what hath beene {aid ofthe names in the defeription,as well in Englifhas Latine - onely that fome hauedeemed White Dwarfe-graffe to be called Xerampelinum. .

Ruth-grafic hath been taken for Holoftewm Matthioli.

+ @ The Names in particular, x This heregiue you inthe firkt place is the Gramen minimum Xevampelinum Of Lobel: it is the Gramen

Lise. Of the Fiftory of Plants, ¥ 5

Gramen of Matthiolys, and Gramen bulbofim of Dale(champius. Our Author did not vnderftand what Xerampelinus {ignified, when as he faid the white Dwarfé-graffe was {0 termed ; for the word im- ports red,or murrey, fuch acolouras the withered leaues of Vines areof, 2. Tabern.calls this; Gramen panniculatum minus. 3. Lobel calls this,Exile Gramen durius, 4. This by catatthiolus was called Holoftinm : by Thalius, Gramen epigonatocaulon + by Tabernamontanus, Gra. Bufoniam, that is; Toad-grafle. £ ; | The Nature and Vertues: i

Thefe kindes of Graffes doe agree as it is thought with the common Medow-grafle, in nature

and vertues, notwithitanding they haue not beene vfed in phyfickeas yet, that I can reade of.

} The firft figure was onely a varietie of the {econd, according to Baubinus 5 yet in my iudgement it was the fame with the third,whichis Geamen minus durin eultime

—

Cuar.3. Of Corne-Graffe,

q The Defcription.

I Orne-graffe hath many graffic leaues refembling thof of Rie, or rather Otes, amongft thewhich commeth vp flender benty ftalkes , kneed or ioyntéd like thdfe of cotne; whereupon groweth a faire tuft or pannicle not much vnlike to the feather-like tuft

ofcommon Reed, but rounder compa@ together like vnto Millet. ‘The toot is threddy like thofe * of Otes,

1 Gramen fecctale, 2 Gramen harundinaceum, 1 Corne-grafle, Reed-graffe;or Bent, a. 4 Qira cag |utowo— oo ee Jfp Lat uta

( Si Wy) => \ Y Y y Ly, \ \ | mn, SS Ky : \ \

2 Reed-graflehath many thin grafic leaues like the former : the buthy top, with his long fea- ther-like pannicles dorefemble the common Reed, which is lightly fhaken with thewinde, bran- ched vpon a long flender reeden ftalke; kneed or ioynted like comme. The root is {mall and fibrous,

q The Place and Time, Thefe kindes of Graffes grow for the moft part neere hedges, & in fallow fields inmoft places! ‘Their timeoffpringing, Houring,and fading may ¥ referred to the common Medow-grafle. ; 3 @ The

en

6 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lis. 1.

The Names. + he firft is called in Englith, Corne-graffe. Lobelius calls this,Segetum gramen ‘pannicula fpe- ciofa latiore : others termeit Graimen fegetale, for that it vfually groweth among corne; thewhich I haue notas yet feene. y The fecond is called in Englith, Reed-graffe : of Lobelius in Latine, Gramen acrorum latiore,arum- dinacea, cy comofapannicela,for that his tuft or pannicles do refemble the Reed : and Spica venti agro- vum,py reafon ofhis feather-top,which is eafily fhaken with thewind. + Some in Englith,muck agreeable to the Latine name, call thefe, W indle-ftrawes - Now I takethis laft tobe the Graffe with which we in London do vfually adorne our chimneys in Sommer time: and we commonly call the bundle of it handfomely made vp for our vie, by the name of Bents. + @ The Temperature and V ertues. Thefe Graffes are thought to agrce with common Grafle,as well in temperature as vertues , al- though not vfed in phyficke. :

Cuar. 4. OfeMillet Graffe.

1 Gramen Miliaceum. t 2 Gramen majus aquaticum, Millet Grafle. Great Water-graffe,

Ae effrsna \

| The Defiription.

3 Illet Graffe is buta flender Graffe, bearing a tuft or earelikevnto the common Me- dow-graffe, but confifting of {mall feeds or chaffie heads liketo -%élinm,or Millet, whereof ittooke thename. The ftalke or leaues do refemble the Bent , wherewith

countrey people do trimme their houfes,

2 The great Water-graffe in roor, leafe, tuft, and reeden ftalke doth very well refemble the Grafle called in Latine, Gramen fulcatum,or Pittum ; and by our Englith women, Lady-laces, be- caufe it is ftript or furrowed withwhite and greene ftreakes like filke laces , but yetditfers from that,that this Water graffe doth gervnto it felfe {ome new roots from the middle of the ftalks and ioynts,which the other doth not. + This isa large Graffe, hauing ftalkes almoft as thicke as ones little finger, with the leaues anfwerable vnto them, and a little rougifh: the tuftis fomewhat like arced, but leffe, andwhitith coloured. £

q The

Lieu OF the Hiftoryof Plants, = CSCt=Ci CS SETS orci ie vi ime ip OOM.

| The Place, Names, Nature, and V ertues;

The former growes inmedowes, and about hedges, and the later is to be found in moft fenny and watery places, and haue their vertues and natures common with the other Grafles, for any thing that wee can finde in writing, The reafon of their names may be gathered out of the defcription. ‘

| This which I give you in thefecond place isnot of the fame plane that was figured in the former edition 5 for that piGure was of Gramen ay harundina- eeum panniculatum of Taber. which hath a running root and large fpecious pannicle like to q Reed,of a browne colour.But itis moft apparane thar ou 1 meant

this, and framed his def¢ription by looking ypon this figure, clpécially the later past thercok, The tue figure of this was inthe {econd place inthe next Chapter.

Mod. AR NS ees Cuar. §3 Of Darnell Graffe. a The Defiription:

a Arnell Graffe,or Gramen Sorghinurm,as Lobel hath very properly termed it,hath a brow- ; D nith ftalke thicke and knotty, fet with long fharpe leaues like vnto the common Dogs Graffe: at the top whereof groweth a tuft or eare of a grayith colour,fomwhat

like Sorgéwm, whereof it tooke his name, é

3 Gramen Sorghinum, t+ 2 Gramen harundinaceym panniculature,

~ Darnell Graffe, ~ WildéReed.

2 Wilde Reed, or Gramen harundinacenm panniculatum, called alfo Calamogroftis,is far bigget than Couch graffe,or Dogs graffe,and in ftalkes and leaues more rough, rugged,and cutting. [eis bad food for cattell, though they want, or be very hungry , and deadly to Sheepe,becaufe that, as the Husbandman faith,it is a caufe of leannefie in rp thirft,and confumption: it cutteth their

sa 4 tongue,

8 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lise

+ £3 Gfamenarundinaceum minus. tongue, ftraitneth the gullet or throat,and draw-

'” ‘The leffer Reed-Grafle. eth downe bloud*into the tomacke or mz WwW 5 whereofenfueth infammation, and death for the moft part. And not onely this Calamons roflis is hurtfull, but alfo all other kindes of thearing leaued reeds ; flagges, fedge, or the like, w hich hauie as itwere edges , sand cut onboth fides like kniues as well mens fingers, as cattels mouthes. This herbe is in a meane between reed & grafle. he toot is white, creeping downwards very deepe. The {pike or eare is like vnto the reed, being foft and cottony, fomewhat refembling, Pannicke.

+ 3 This in root,ftalkes,aid leaues is like to the laft defcribéd , but that they are lefler : the top orhead is a long fingle {pike or earenot feuered or parted into many cares like the top ofthe precedent, and by this and the magni-. tude it may chiefely be oe from ir. This was in the-twelfth place inthe fixteenth chapter, vnderthe title of Gramen harnndinaceam minus sand the Cali amogroftis butnow deftribed, was alfo there againe in the eleuenth Piase. $

q The P lace. The firft growes in fields and orch: ards almof

euery w here ; ; thé other grow in fenny waterifh places,

q The Names. 24 2. This in Lincolnethire.is called -Sheere= srafle,or Henne: in other, parts of Eng'laiid wild. Reed : in Latine, Calamozroftis - out of the Greek, wisuyestcs. As for their natures and vertues we doe not finde anjgereat vie of them worthy the fetting downe. )

um, being the fecond of the precedent Chapter, the tu fie ofthis was page 21, ynde? {o, as I haue roc! shed in the defeription,

The figure thar wasin the fecond place was of Gramen m the title of Gramen barundinacttm maings The thicd betag there

ry

Cuar. 6. Of Feather-top, Ferneé, and Wood-graffe.

a The Defcription.

es His might fitly haue beene put tothofe mentioned in the foregoing chapter; but that our Author determined it for this,as may appeare by the mention made of itinthe names, as alfo by the defcription hereof, framed ftom the figure we here giue you. ¢ This Graffe is eoninied with chaffieand downie tufts, fet vpona long Benty f alke of two cubits high or fomewhat more, naked without any blades or Jeaues,for the moft part. His root is tough andhard. + The top is commonly ofa red or murtey colour, and the leaues foft and downy. £ $ 2 This, whofe figurewas formerly by our Author given for the laft defcribed , thought verie much different from i it, is avery pretty and elegant grafle : it in roots and leaties is Paponiie to the vfuall medow Graff, the ftalke rifeth to the ‘height of afoot, and at the top thereofit bea- reth a beautifull pannicle (Ww hence the French and Spanifh Nations call it 4ourettes,that is sthe Loucly Graffe.) This he -acl confifts ofmany little cares, fhaped much like thofe of the > ordinarie Qua! ing Graffe, longer and | Hatter, being compofed of more feales , fo that each of them fome- what refembles the leafe ofa {mall Ferne,whence I haue called it Ferne-Grafle. Thefe tops when ae are ripe are white; andareg rathered w here they grow naturally co beautifie garlands, 3. Wood-sraffe hath many {malland threddy roots , compact togetherin manner of a tuft; from which {pri ing, e immediately out of the earth many ¢ sally leaues,among thewhich are ae benty

Lisi & Of the Hiftorie of Plants, : 9

$ 1 Gramen tomentofum arundinaceum, Feather-top, or VWoolly Reed-graffe,

Ez

AUAWATELUATET

a na beter a ri 2

amt

ee

aU IPLELCH TET rerripeee

te

Pe in

&

», ee yk? ~ 3 Gramen fjluaticum pajus,

The greater Wood-grafle,

’

2 Gramenpanniculatum dean pend

Ferne-grafle,

benty ftalkes, naked and without ledues ot blades like the former, bearing at the top a foft L{pikie tuft or eare much like vntoa Fox-taile, ofa brow- nifh colour. | ° + 4 This inleaues,{talks,roots, manner and place of growing is like the lait defcribed : the onely difference betweene them is, That this hath mutch leffe, yet fharpet or rougher eares or tufts, The figure and defeription of this was formerly giuen by our Author in the fixteenth cha pter, and ninth place , vnder the title of Gramen fyluaticum minus. But becaufe the difference between the laft defcribed and this is fo {mall, we haue {pared the figure,to make roome for others more different and note-worthy,

@ The Time and Place.

2 This kinde of Gyafle growes in fertil fields and paftures.

2 The fecond growes in diuers places of Spaineand France.

The other two grow in Woods,

© The Names,

x Lobclius in Latine calls this Gramentomento- fim & Acerofum, Some have taken it for the fe- cond kinde of Calamograftis sbut moft commonly

ra Of the Hiftorie of Plants. be ace, 4,

it is catled Gramen plumofum: and: in Englith, a Bent, or Feathet-top Graffe. 2 Gramen panniculatumis called by tome Heragroftisin Greeke. Lobel calls this Granzen panni- silofum phalaroides. And it is named in the Hift. Lugd.Gramen filiceum, feu polyanthos : that is,Ferne, or marly-floured Giraffe. + . ; 3 GPamen [yluaticum, ox as it pleafeth others, Gramen nemorofn, is called in our tongue, wood Graffe,or fh@tlow Graffe. »

» , «a ") of Se ay ‘Cuare7. Of great Fox-taile Graffe: bP et ; | The Deféription.

I He ereat Fox-taile Graffe hath many threddy roots like the common Medow graffe ; and the ftalke riferh immediatly from the root, in fafhion like vnto Barley,with twa ot three leanes or blades like Otes , but is nothing rough in handling, but foft and

downie, and fomewhat hoarie, bearing one eare or tuft on the top, and neuer more ; fafhioned like a Fox-tailewhereofit tookehis name, At the apptoch of Winter it dieth, and recoueteth it felfe ‘the next yeare by falling ofhis feed. i

1 Gramen Alopecuroides majuss T 2 Gramen Alapecurgides minus. Great Fox-taile Graffe. Small Fox-taile Graffe.

2 The leffer Fox-taile Graffe hath a tuffe and hard root compaé& of many {mall ftrings, yeel- ding a ftrawie ftalke like the former,though fomwhat leffer,with the like top or creft,but ofa whi- tith colour.

3 Great baftard Fox-taile Graffe hath a ftrawie ftalke or ftemme, which rifeth to the height ofa cubit and an haffe, hauing a fall root confifting of many fibres. His leafe is fmall and graf- fie,and hath on his top one tuft or {pikejor eare of a hard chaffie {ubftance,fome three inches long, compofed of longith feeds,each hauinga little beard or awne.

4 Small baftard Fox-taile Graffe doth refemble the former, fauing that this kinde doth uO ) : fend

kan Of the Hiftorie of Plants. tr

-fend forth fuch large ftalkes and eares as the other, but fmaller,and not {0 clofe packed together, neither hauing fo long beards orawnes.

t 3 Gramen Alopecurinum majus. 4 Cramen Alopecurinum minus. Greatbaftard Fox-taile Graffe. , Small baftard Fox,taile Graffe, : Ahety Cenrr1U gg # us Tg

\ otters pr:

nto,

f (revere reereresrenremsecrerrin

| The Place and Time:

Thefe wilde baftard Fox-taile Gtaffes doe grow inthe moift furrowes of fertile fields, ee ap the later end of Sommer, } The Names,

+ The firft by Zobel and Tabern. is called Gramen phalaroides: The other Lobel calleth 2 Gramen Alopecuroides. 3. minus. 4.msinus alterum,

Cuap. 8. Of Great Cats-taile Graffe.

| The Defiription,

& Reat Cats-taile Graffe hath very {mall roots, compaé& of many {mall skins or threds; which may eafily be taken from the wholeroot. The ftalke rifeth vp in the middeft, and is fomewhatlike vnto wilde Barley, kneed and ioynted likecorne, of a foot high

sere rahe > bearing at thetop a handfome round clofe compact eare refembling the Cats. taile.

_ 2 Thefmall Cats-taile graffe is like vnto the other, differing chiefely in that it is leffer than it. The root is thickeand cloued like thofe of Ruth Onions,or Ciues, with many {mall ftrings or haitie threads annexed vnto ir,

£ 3 There is another that growes plentifully in many places about London,the which may ())

fitly be referred to this Claffis. The root thereof'is a little bulbe, from whence ‘arifeth a ftalke J he ct Sam

fome two foot or better high, fetat each ioynt with long graffie leaues : the {pike oreare is com- burtinrs = ae Pe WME ie monly

12 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. ite.

te: Gramen Typhinum minus. monly foure or fiue inches ong, clofely and

Smal] Cats-tatle Grafle. handfomely made in the fafhion of the prece-

(ONT Dans otevde- 8 dent, which m the fhape it doth very much re- pcg i ie: femble. £

@ The Place and Time.

Thefekintes of Graffes do grow very well neere waterie places, as Gramen Cyperoides doth, and flourith at the fame time that al! the others doe.

+ The latter may be found by the bridge entring into Chelfey field, as one goeth from Saint Iames to little Chelfey. ¢

@| The Names.

The Latines borrow thefe names of the . Greekes, and call it Gramen Typhinum,ofTypha,a Cats taile : and it may in Englifhas wel be cal- led round Bent-graffe, as Cats-taile Graffe.

+ The laftdefcribed is by Bawhine, who firft gauethe figure and defcription thereof in his Prodomus, pag.10. called Gramen Typhoides maxi- mur {pica longifima that is, The largeft Foxe- taile Grafle with avery long care. + ;

| Gramen Cyperoides ; 2 Gramen Tunceum aquaticum,

Cyperus Graffe. Rufhy Water-Graffe,

t :

i b il 9 |

iz 4 ae BS

skies ie emmmmmmamanaT Yak WR ae EF; GRD piled Ge Sec eee ti Of the Hittorie of Plants. 13 G The Defeription: ; I Yperus Graffe hath roots fomewhat like Cyperus, whereof it tooke his rame: his leaues are long and large likevnto the common reed : the ftalke doth grow to tl height ofa cubit in fome places 3 vpon which groweth little {cal {pike fathion, fomewhat like vnto Cats-taile, or Reed-mace, very c 2 Ruthy Water-graffe hath his roots like the former, with ma them ; and creepeth along vpon the vppermoft face of the earth, or eth, bearing at each ioynt one flender benty ftalke, {et with afew f bringing forth at the top in little hoods, fmall feather-like tufts or @ The Place, Time, and Names, They grow, as I haue infinuated, in myrieand muddy grounds, inthe fa 0. And concerning their names there hath been {aid enough in th

he h lit y knobs or eares, hafhe, rough,and rugged,

ny fibres or -ftrings hanging at rather mud, wherein it Stow mall graffie blades or leanes 3 eares,

me feafon that others 1€Ir titles,

Cuar.1o. Of Water-Graffe.

1 Gramen aquaticums

Water-graffe,

2 Gramen aquaticnm [picatum; Spiked Water-graffe,

Z

Irig Co churn palur sre,

y = =h aN

SAAN SEAMEN

| The Defcription.

hy J Ater-graffe, or as we terme it, Water Burre-graffe, hath a few long narrow flender and ioynted leaues : among which rifeth vp a ftalke of two foot high, bearing vpon his fmalland tender branches certaine little rough knobs, or nted feeds made vp into cornered heads : his root is {mall and threddy, this plant is not well expreft,for it fhould haue had the leaues made narrower, nthem,like as you may fee in the Gramen junceum (ylwaticum, which is the ninth apter's for chatand this are folike,that I know no other difference betweene s hath leaues longer and narrower than that, and the heads {maller and whiter. ble good figure of this inthe Hifforia Lugd.p.100 1, vnder the name of —4rundo

brownith fharpe poi The figure of and ioynts expreft i in thefixteenth ch them, but that thi There isa reafona minima, $

red Spiked

—— na

14 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lis.1.

2 Spiked Water-graffe hath long narrow leauies : the ftalke is fmall, fingle,and naked, with- out leaues or blades, bearing along ft the fame toward the topan eate or fpike made of certaine fmal{’buttons, refembling the buttonie floures of Sea Worme-wood. His root is thick & tough,

full of fibres or threds.

; q The Place and Time. They differ not from the former kindés of Graffes in place and time: and their names are ma-

nifeft.

q| The NatureandVertues. e and vertues are referred vnto Dogs Grafle, whereofwe will {peake hereafter.

oA Po Vie yy Flote-Graffe.

Their natur

2 Gramen finviatile fpicatum. Spiked Flote-graffe.

1 Gramen fluviatile. Flote-graffe.

[ Mlehec wr4Ad | es tig

/ {

ZS alee Sat Ses

: @| The Defcription.

ieee Lote-graffe hath a long and round root fomewhat thicke, like vnto Dogs-graffe,fet

on even ioynts with fmall ftrings or threds ; from the which rife vp long and croo-

_"— _ked ftalkes, croffing,winding,and folding one within another with many flaggie

Jeaues,which horfes eate greedily of. At the top of thefe ftalks, and fomewhat lower,there come

forth very many little eares of awhitith colour, compofed of wo ranks of little chaffie feeds fet alternately, each of thefe {mall eares being almoft an inch in length.

2 Spike Flote-Graffe , or fpiked Flore-graffe beareth at the top of each flender creeping ftalke one fpiked eare and no more, and the other many,which maketh a difference betwixt them; ogg they are one like the other, His root is compact, tufted, and made of many chrummie

reds,

q The Place.

The firft of thefe erowes euery where inwaters. The fecond is harder to be found. q The

“Diet. Ofthe Hiftorie of Plans. 15

@ The Names, The firft is called Gramen fluviatile,and allo Grarmen aquisinnatans : in En glith,Flote-grafle.Tra- gus calls it,Gramen A. natum,Ducks-grafle. 5 The fecond is called Gramen fluviatile fpicatumand fluviatile album by Tabernamontanus .Likewile in Englith it is called Flote-graffe, and Flotet-grafle, becaufe they fimme and flote in the water.

Cuap, 12. Of K need-Graffe.

| The Defcription.

¥ Need-graffe hath ftraight and vpright ftrawie ftalkes, with ioynts like to the ftraw of ’ corne, and beareth {mall graffie leaues or blades {piked at the top like vnto Pannick, witharough eare ofadarke browne colour, His rootsare hairy and threddy,and the

ioynts of the ftraw are very large and confpicuous,

1 Gramen ceniculatum, : & Gramenceniculatum aquaticumi ; Ss - S

Kneed-graffe. TNO Water Kneed-graffe,

A

I AiNy) : SIU

2 WaterKneed-graffe hath many long and flender ftemmes, ioynted with many knobb yand gouty knees likevnto Reed, fet with broad flaggy leaues fomewhat fharpe pointed ; bearing at the top a tuft or pannicle diuided into fundry finall branches, of a duskifh colour. His root is thred- die like the other,

@ The Place, Time, and Names.

Thefe Grafies do grow in fertile moift medowes ; not differing in time fromothers, And they are called Geniculata, becaufe they haue large ioynts like as it were knees,

Wehaue nothing deliuered ys of their nature and properties,

Cuapr.

Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Dore.

Cuar. 13. Of Bearded Panicke Graffe.

i Gramen Paniceum. @ The Defcriptson. Bearded Panick Grafle.

I Earded Panic large leaues | tie, or of an oner-worne ruflet col

The ftalkes haue two or three ioynts at tl emoft, and many eares on the top, without order 3 vpon fome ftalkes more eares, on others fewer, much like vnto the eare of wilde Panicke, but that this hath many beards or awnes, which the other wants,

2° Small Pannicke’ Grafle, as Zobetiss wris tcth, in roots, leaues, ioynts, and ftalkes is like the former, fauing that the eare is much‘ fle, coniifting of fewer rowes of feed, co final! chaftie blackifhhuskes.T his,as t] hath many eares ypon one ftalke,

+ 3 This {mall Pannicke-Graffe: from a threddy root fendeth forth many little ftalkes, whereof fome are one handfull, other-fome little more thanan inch high, and each of thefe ftalkes onthe top fuftaines one fingle eare, in fhape very like vnto the eare of wilde Pannicke , but about halfe the length. The ftalkes of this aré com- monly crooked, and fet with graffie leaues like to the reftofthiskinde. The figure hereof was vn- fitly placed by our Author in the fixteenth place in thecighth chapter,vnder the tithe ofGramen Cy- peroides {picatum,

\

1¢‘former,

2 Gramen paniceum parvum. Small Panicke Graffe.

6 q a i Hh: | L oe ins . @ The Place and Time. f i] ae eee ‘ ’ The firft of thefe twodoth grow neere vatomud walls, or {lich like places not manured,yet fer- r & tile or fruitful,

| ial The

~ Lisa Of theHiiftory of Plants;

we

17

The fecond groweth in thallow waterie plathes of paftures, and at the fame time with others, # Lhauenotas yet obferued any of thefe three growing wilde, $ t 3, Gramen Pannici officie pica fimplici,

Single eared Pannicke Grafle,

Lan Leu Nn tent ols >

| The Names and Vertnes.

They are called Panicke Grafles, becaufe they are like the Italian corne called Panicke, Their nature and vertues are not knowne,

CHiy 14, Of Hedge-bog Graffe.

+ 1 Gramen palufire Echiaatum. Hedge-hog Graffe.

2 Gramenexile Hirfutum,

Hairy-grafte,

Carex (Kou WL go ssid Ca ee" estris e

18 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lis...

$3 GramenC apitilts globojis.

Round headed Siluer-grafle. q] The Defcription. I Edge-hog Graffe hath long ftitte flagey leaues with di-

hn ucts ftalkes proceeding from athicke {preading root, and at the top of euery ftalke growe certaine round and price king knobs fafhioned like an hedge-hog.

t+ 2° The fecond is rough and hairie: his roots do {pred and creep vader the mud and myre as Cyperus doth; and at the top ofthe ftalkes are certaine round foft heads, their colour being browne, intermixed with yellow, fo that they looke prettily when as they are in their prime.

+ 3 This Grafle (whofe figure was formerly in the firft place in this Chapter) hath a fmall and fibroustoot, ftom which rife leaues like thofe of Wheat, but with fome long white hairs vpon them like thofe of the lait defcribed:at the tops of the ftalks (which are foe foot or better high ) there grow two or three round heads confifting of {oftand white downie threds, Thefe heads are faid to fhine inthe night, and therefore they in Italy callit (according to Cefalpi. nus) Luctola, quia nottylucet.

4 Tothis I may addéanother growing alfoin Italy, and firft deferibed by Fabius Columna. It hath fmall) creeping ioynted. toots, out of which come fmall fibres, and Jeaues little and very narrow at the firft, but thofe that are vpon the ftalkes are as long againe, incompaffing the ftalks, as in Wheat,Dogs-grafle, and the like. Thefe leaues are crefted all along, and a little forked at theend : the ftraw or ftalke 1s very flender, at the top whereof growes a fharpe prickly round head, much after the manner of the laft deferibed : each of the feed-veffels whereof this head confitts ends ina prickly ftalke hauing fine or feuen points, whereof the vppermoft that is in the middle isthe longeft. The feed that is con- tained in thefe prickly veffels is littleand tranfparent, like in colour to that of Cow-wheat. The floures (as in others of this kinde) hang trembling vpon yellowish {mall threds, +

.

q The Place and Time. BS eg ; + 1 2. Theygrow inwatery medows and fields, as you may fec in Saint Georges fieldsand,

fuch like places. : 3 4 Boththele grow indiuers mountainous places of Italy; the later whercof floures in May.

@ The Names. ae The firft is called Hedge-hog Graffe, and in Latine,Gramen Echinatum,by reafon of thofe pric- kles which are like vntoa hedge-hog. ii re The fecond hairy Graffe is called Gramen exile hirfutum Cyperoides, becaufeit is {mall and little, and roughor hairy like a Goat : and Cyperoides, becaufe his roots do {pring and creepe like the (j- CT US 6 $ 3. Thisby Anguillarais thought tobe Combretum of Pliny,itis Gram.lucidum of T abernamon-~ tanus ,and Gramen hir{istwm capitulo globofo, of Bauhine, Pin.pag.7. 4 Fabius Columnacalls this, Gramen montanum Echinatum tribuloides capitatum - and Bawhinena- smeth it, Gramen [pica fubrotundaechinata. WWee may call it in Englith , Round headed Caltrope Graffe. qq The Vertues. 7 3 Theheade of this (which I haue thought good to call Siluer-graffe) is very good to be ap-= plied to greene wounds,and effe@uall to ftay bleeding,Ce/alp. +

+ Itis euident by the name and defeription,that oar Author meant this which we here give you inthe firft place 5 yet his figure was of another Graffe fomwhat like thetecond,which figure and defeription you may findchere expreit in the third place. cl ap»

Livg.1 Of the Hiftory of Plants. 19

Cita Pi 156 Of Hairy Wood-Grafe. q ‘The Defiription,

i Airy Wood-graffehath broad rough leaues fomewhat like the precedent, but much

longer, and they proceed from a threddy root,which is very thicke,and ful of ftrings,

. as the common Grafle, with {mall ftalkes rifing vp from the fame roots ; but the top of thefe ftalkes is diuided into a number of little branches, and on the end of euery one of them flandeth a little floure or huske like the top of allium Vr{iaum,ox common Ram{ons, wherein the feed is contained when the floure is fallen.

2 Cyperus Wood-graffe hath many fheary graffie leaues, proceeding fromaroot made of many hairy ftrings or threds : atnong which there rifeth vp fundry ftraight and vpright ftalkes, on whofe tops are certaine {caly and chaifie huskes,or rather {pikie blackifh eares, not much vnlike the catkins or tags which grow on Nut-trees, or Aller trees.

1 Gramenhirfittum nemorofilie.

Hairy Wood-graffe.

jue Si puto Sud. NY d

y) Vy

Y 0

ors, {23f= y WY A }) a

2, Gramen Cyperinum nemorofum,

Cyperus Wood-graffe,

@] The PlacesTime, and Names.

‘Thefe two grow inwoods or thadowle places, and may in Englith be called Wood-graffes; Their time is common with the reft; ’

a Their Natire and V ertues;

There is nothing tobe faid of theit nature and vertues, being as vnknowne as moft of the for- mer. Pabst WOlisy

Ba Cuas,

‘ r W N

a

Ts. aS mae 8 Laat ee

nag teens

ie we

ee

7

20 Of the Hiftorie of Plants: Lisi.

Cuar. 16: Of Sea Spike-Graffes @ The Defcription.

I Ea Spike-craffe hath many fall hollow round leaues about fix inches long, rifing froma bufhy threddy white fibrous root, which are very foft and{mooth in hand- ling. Among thefe leaues there doe {pring vp many {mall rufhy ftalkes ; along ft

whichare at the firft diuers {mall flouring tound buttons, the fides whereof falling away,the mid-

dle part growes intoa longith feed-veffell ftanding vpright.

2 Gramen (picatum alterun. Salt marth Spike grafle,

Fi ; bas tee Co hain ape AOA ean

1 Gramen marinum |picatum. Sea Spike-graffe.

Zi mea

(

+ % Salt-marfh Spike-graffe hath a woody tough thicke root with fome fmall hairy threds faftned thereunto , out of whicharife long and thicke leaues very like thofe of that Sea-graffe we vulgarly call Thrift. And amongft thefe leaues grow vp flender naked rufhy ftalkes which haue on one fide {mall knobs or buttons ofa greenith colour hanging on them.

3 Thethird hath many rufhy leaues toughand hardjofa browne colour, well refembling Ru- fhes :his root is compaé of many fmall tough and long ftrings. His ftalke is bare and naked of leaves vnto the top, on whichit hath many {mall pretty chaffie buttons or heads.

4 The fourth is like the third, fauing that iis larger; the ftalkealfo is thicker and taller than that of the former, bearing at the top fuch huskes as are in Rufhes.

5 Great Cypreffe Graffe hath diuers long three-fquare ftalkes proceeding from a root com- pact of many long and tough ftrings or threds. The leaues are long and broad,like vnto the fedge called Carex, ‘The {pike or eare of ir is like the head of Plantaine,and very prickly,and commonly ofa yellowith greene colour. i

6 Small Cypreffe Graffe is like vnto the other in rootand leaues , fauing that it is fmaller His ftalke is fmooth and plaine, bearing at the top certaine tufts or pannicles, luke to the laft de- {cribed in roughneffe and colour.

g The

List Of the Hiftorie of Plants,

3 Gramen juncewm marinum, 4. Gramenjunceum maritimum. Sea Rush-graffe. Marifh Ruth-grafig,

SES Sy pnarro LAS.

SN WY

We

5 Gramen palufirt Cyperoidess , Bs Great pits Guillen 1, ty

HH \\ HA

6 Gramen Cyperoides parvumt.e

Small Cypreffe Graffe.

hy

Hs

ane

a} ase

7 Gramen aquaticum Cyperoides uyleatins. Water Cypreffe Graffe. g wrpud mortinud—

=

oo SSS

9 Gramenjunceum filuaticum.

Wood Rufhy-graffe. ov cnk

(Arc AK oars

22 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lis ft

sung) sopiodadlg unmvan & 4

ee , “ ee mesa n>

pero apoiddg axtds

°2

7 The firft ofthefe two kindesyhath many crooked and crambling roots of awoody fub- ftance, very like vnto the right Cyperus, diffe- ring from it onely in fmell, becaufethe right Cyperus roots haue a fragrant fmell,and thefe none at all, His leaues are long and broad, rough,fharp or cutting atthe edges like fedge. His ftalke ts long, big, and three fquare,like to Cyperus, and on his top a chaffievmbel or tuft like vnto the true Cyperus.

~ 8 The fecond kinde hath many broad feaues like vnto thofe of Gillouers, but of a frefher greene : amongft the which rifeth Vp 2 fhort ftalke fome handful or two high, bearing at the top three or foure fhort eares of ared- difh murrey colour, and thefe cares grow. com- monly together at the top of the ftalk, and not one vnder another. There is alfo another lef fer fort hereof, with leaues and roots like the former,but the ftalke is commonly fhorter,and. it hath but one fingle eare at the top thereof, You haue the figures of both thefe expreft in thefame table or piece. This kinde of Graffe is the Gramen [picatum foliis Vetonice of Lobel. t

9 _ This hath long tough and hairy ftrings growing deepe in the carth like aturfe, which make the root , fromwhich rife many crooked tough and rufhy ftalks, hauing toward the top {cal y and cha fie knobs or buttons, + "Phis

growes

~

———__..

ro. 2 Of the Hiftory.of Plants, — | R3

es fome halfe yard high, with round brownith heads,and the Jeaues are ioynted as you fee grow Ife y, gh, | i : y y them expreffed in the figure we heregiue you. + f

q The Place, Time, Names, Nature, and Vertues.

All theGraffes which we haue defcribed in this chapter doe grow in marifh and watery places neere to the fea, or other fenny grounds, or by muddy and myrie ditches, at the fame time that the others do grow and flourith. Their names are eafily gathered of the places they grow in, or by their Defcriptions, and are of no vertue nor propertie in medicine, or any other neceflarie v{é as yet knowne.

Formerly in the eighth place (but very vnfitly) was the figure of Gramen pannicieffigie pica fimp. being the third in the thirteenth chapter. The ninthalfo is

aR reftored to his due place, being the fourth inthe fixth chapter. The two Reed-graflésthac were inche cleuenth and twelfth places arg alfo before in the fifth, Chapters

Cuariy, Of Couch-Graffe, or Dogs-grafve.

I Gramen Caninum. 2 Gramen Caninum nodofum, Couch-grafle,or Dogs-grafle : Knotty Dogs-graffe, KH. lerrd AVE At eitd

q The Defcription,

+ 1 Le common or beft knowne Dogs-graffe, or Couch-¢raffe hath long leaues of a whitith greene colour: the ftalke isa cubit anda halfe high,with ioynts or knees ’ likewheaten ftraw, but thefe ioynts are couered witha little thort down or wool- lineffe. The plume or tuft is like the reed, but finaller and more chaffie, and of a grayith colour: i creepeth in the ground hither and thitherwith Jong white roots , ioynted ar certaine diftances, hauing a pleafant {weet tafte, and are platted or wrapped one within another very intricately, in{o- much as where it hapneth in gardens among ft pot-herbes, great labour muft be taken before it can be deftroyed, cach piece being apt to grow, and eucry way to dilate it felfe, B 4 Tt 2 Knotty

; q ul I 4 i

Of the Hitterie of Plants. bie at

A

B Cc

D

t 2 Knotty Dogs graffe is like vnto the former in ftalke and Jeafe,but that they are of a dee- per colour, alfo the {pike or eare is greener, and about fome two handfulls long, much in fhape refembling an Oate, yet far fmaller, and is much more difperfed than the figure prefents to you. The roots of this are fomewhat knotty and tuberous, but that is chiefely about the Spring of the yeare, for afterwards they become leffe and leffe vntill the end of Summer, Andthefe bulbes do grow confufedly together, not retaining auy certaine fhape or number.

@ The Place,

t_ The firft growes in gardens and arable lands,as an infirmitic or plague of the fields, nothing pleafing to Husbandmen; forafter that the field is plowed, they are conftrained to gather the roots togetherwith harrowes and rakes ; and being fo gathered and laid ypon heapes , they fet them on fire left they fhould grow againe.

2 The fecond growes in plowed fields and fuch like places, but not euery where as the other. Thaue found of thefe in great plenty,both growing,and plucked vpwith harrowes, as before is re- hearfed, in the fields next to S./ameswallas ye goto Chelfcy,and inthe fields as ye go from the Tower-hill of London to Radcliffe. ‘i

| TheTime. Thefe Graffes {eldome come to fhew their care before Iuly. The Names.

It is called Gramen Caninum, or Novnii and Vuiola. The Countreymenof Brabant name it Been s others, Lest geatle tofthe Grecians, jae : ofthe Latines,by the common name,Gramen. It is of fome named #7 < in Englith,Couch-graffe, Quitch-Graffe,and Dogs-eraffe.

Gramen Caninum bulbofim, ox nodofum, is called in Englifh, Knobby,or Knotty Couch-grafle.

5 gj The Nature.

Thenature of Couch-grafle,efpecially the roots, agreeth with the nature of common Graffe: although that Couch-graffe be an vnwelcome guett to fields and gatdens, yet his phy ficke vertues do recompence thofe hurts ; for it openeth the ftoppings of the liuerand reines, without any ma- nifeft heate.

The learned Phy fitions ofthe Colledge and Societie of London do hold this bulbous Couch graffe in temperature agreeing with the common Couch-graffe, but in vertues more effe@uall.

g The Vertues.

Couch-graffe healeth greene wounds. The decoétion of the root is good for the kidneys and bladder: it prouoketh vrine gently, and driueth forth grauell. Diofcorides and Galen doagree,that the root ftamped and laid ypon greehe wounds doth heale them fpeedily.

The decoétion thereof ferueth againft griping paines of the belly, anddifficultie of making water.

Marcellus an old Author maketh mention in his 26 chapter, That feuen and twenty knots of the herbe which is called Gramen, or Graffe, boiled in wine till halfe be confumed, preffed forth, ftrai- ned, and giuen to drinke to him that is troubled with the ftranguric,hath fo great vertue,thar after the Patient hath once begun to make water without paine, it may not be giten any more. But it muft be given with water onely to fuch as hauea Feuer. By which words it appeareth, That this knotted Graffewas taken for that which is properly called Gramen, or Agroflis, and hath bin alfo commended againft the ftone and difeafes of the bladder,

The later Phyfitions doevfe the roots fometimes of this, and fometimes of the other indiffe- rently.

Cuar.18 Of SeaDogs-Graffe.

@] The Defcription.

I He Sea Dogs-graffe is very like vnto the other before named : his leaues are long and flender, and very thicke compa& together, fet vponaknotty ftalke fpikedat the to like the former, Alfothe root crambleth and creepeth hither and thither vnder the

earth, occupying much ground by reafon of his great encreafe of roots.

¢ This Graflc (whereof Lobel gaue the firft feure and defcription, vnder the name of Gramen eniculatum C. in rhavinum) T conieaure to be that which growes plentifully vpon the banks in rithes by Dartford in Kent,and moft other falt places by the fea s as alfo in many banks

d orchards about London, and moft other places farre from the fea. Now Lobels figure bering

t good, and the defeription not extant in any of his Latine Workes . I cannotcertainly affirme rt

et Ithinke it fit to giue you an exa& defcription of that I do probably iudge to be it;

and

List. ~ Of the Hiftorie of Plants. 25

and notonely fo, but Liudge itto be the fame Giraffe that Bavhine in his Prodromas hath fet forth, pag.t7. vader thename of Gramen latifolium fbicatriticea compacta, This is a very tall Graffe ; forit fends forth a ftalke commonly in good ground tothe height of a yard andan halfe: the Ieaues are large, ftitfe,and greene, almoft as big as thofe of white Wheat ; the which it alfo very much re- fembles in the eare, which vfually is fomehandfull and an halfe long, little {pokes ftanding by courfewith their flat fides towards the ftraw. About the beginning of luly itis hung with little

1 Gramen Caninum marinum. 2: Gramen Caninum marinum alterum, Sea Dogs-graffe, Seca Couch-grafle,

whitith yellow floures fuch as Wheat hath. The roots of this are like thofe of the firt defcribed. This fometimes varies in the largeneffe of the whole Plant, asalfo inthe ereatneffe, {parfedneffe, andcompadnefle ofthe eare. +

2 Thefecond Sea Dogs-graffe is according vnto Lebel fomewhat like the former : his roots are more {preading and longer, dif; perfing themfelues vnder the ground farther than any of the teft. The leaues are like the former, thicke buthed at the top, witha clufter or buth of fhort thick leaues one folded within another. The ftalke and tuft is ofa middle kinde,betweene J/chemon and the common Couch-graffe.

q The Place, Time, Names, Nature, andV ertues.

They grow on the fea fhore at the fame time that others do;andare fo called becaufe they grow

neere the fea fide. Their nature and vertues are to be referred vnto Dogs-graffe,

Cuar.ig., Of upright Dogs-Grafe,

S| The Defcription. * I Pright Dogs-grafle, or Quich-graffe, by reafon of his long fpreading ioynted roots is \ like vato the former, and hath at euery knot in the root fundry {trings of hairie fub- ftance, (hooting into the ground at cuery ioint as it ipteadeth :the ftalks ly creeping, or rife buta little from the ground,and at their tops hauie {pokie pannicles farre fmaller than the

“26 ~~=——~*«O the Hyiftorie of Plants. == Lis. 2.

common Couch-graffe. By which notes of difference it may cafily be difcerned from the other kindes of Dogs-grafle.

x GramenCaninum fupinum, Vpright Dogs-graffe.

ei: (ts ste eS

2 Ladies Laces hath leaues like vnto Millet in fafhion, rough and fharpe pointed like to the Reed, with many white vaines or ribs, and filuer ftreakes running along through the midft of the leaues,fafhioning, the famelike to laces or ribbons wouen of whiteand greene filke, very beauti- fulland faire to behold :it groweth vnto the height of wilde Pannicke, with afpoky top not verymuch vnlike, but more compat, fofr, white, and chaffie. The root is {mall and hai- rie,and white of colour like yntothe Medow- graffe. :

2 Gramen firiaium.

Lady-lace Graffe,

q The Place.

1 Vpright-Dogs-gra fle groweth in dun- ged grounds and fertile fields.

2 Lady-laces growes naturally in woody and hilly places of Sauoy , and anfwers com- mon Grafle inhis time of feeding.

Itis keptand maintained in our Englith gardens, rather for pleafure than vertue,which is yet knowne.

| The Names.

Lobelius calleth the later, Gramen fulcatum, and ffriatum,ox Gramenpidtum : in Englifh,the Furrowed Graffe, the white Chamelion Grafle, or ftreaked Graffe , and vfually of our Englifh women it is called Lady-laces, or painted Graffe : in French, CAiguillettes darmes.

@ The Nature andVertues. The vertues are referred vnto the Dogs. grafles.

= Cuap.

Li. 1 __Oftthe Hiftorie of Plants.) ~~—~—~—~SO

CHap,.20. Of Dew-Graffe.

G The Defiription.

I Ew-graffe hath very hard and tough roots Jong and fibrous : the ftalkes are great, of

three or foure cubits high, very rough and hairy,ioynted and kneed like the common

Reed : the Jeaues are large and broad like vnto curne. The tuft orcareis diuided mto

fundry branches,chaifie,and of a purple colour ; wherein is contained feed like Miliumwherewith

the Germanes do make pottage and fuch like meat, as we in England do with Otemeale 5.and it is

fent into Middleborough and other townes of the Low-countries,in great quantitie tor the fame purpofe,as Lobel hath told me. i : Mf

2 The fecondkinde of Dew-grafle or 1/chemon is fomewhat like the firft kinde of Medow- gtaffe,refembling one the other in Jeaues and ftalkes, fauing that thecreft or tft is {pred or ftret- ched out abroad like a Cocks foot fet downe vpon the ground, ‘whereupon itwas called Galli crus, by Apuleius. Thefe tops are cleere and vpright, ofa gliftering purple colour, or rather yiolet ; and it is diuided into foure or fiue branches like the former Dew-grafle. The root confifts of a great many {mall fibres. :

+ 3 Tothefemay fitly be added another Graffe , which C/ufizs hath iudged to be the medi- cinall Graffe ofthe Antients : and Lobe/referres it to the Dogs grafles,becaufe it hatha toot ioin- ted thicke, and creeping like as the Dogs-graffes : the ftalkes are fome foot high, round, and ofa purplith colour: but the top is very like to that of the laft deferibed, of a darke purple colour.

1 Gramen Manne efiulentum. 2. Ifchamonvuleare.

Dew-graffe.

Cocks-foorgraffe, Ove dasa Jan wrLg

a ¢ f

)

Y

y

q The Place andTime;

I The firft groweth naturally in Germanic, Bohemia, Italy, and in the territories of Goritia and Carinthia,as catatthiolus reporteth, f 2 The fecond groweth neere vnto rough bankes of fields, as Thaue feene in the hilly bankes neere Greenhithe in Kent. It differeth not in time from thofe we haue fpoken of. ¥ $ 3 “Fh

28 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lise.

¢ 3 This groweth plentifully in mof

¥ 3: Gramen dettileides radice re- parts of Spaineand France ; and it is probable,

pente. that this was the graffe that our Author found i i ing ime copeees a Tas ; Cocks-foot Graffewith creeping neere Greenhithe in Kent. roots,

F : vs The Names,

Cp bse agit a hose, ial r The Gale: call ir Himeibau s That is to fay,Cal: ros ;whereupon itwas called Gra- men Manne : iticemeth tobe Mili fylueftres (pu- vinm quoddam gcrus,a certaine wilde or baftard Kinde of Millet. Leonicenys and Ruellizs name itCapriola, and Sang mmaria : fome would haue it to be Gramen aculcatum Pling but becaufe the defcription thereof is very fhort,nothing can be certainly affirmed. But they are far decei- ued who thinke it be Corexopus, as fome very learned have fet downe: but euery one in thefe dayes is ab'e to contro!l that erraur. Lobel cal- leth tt Gramen Atanne efculentum, for that in Germany and other parts, as E ohemia and Ita- ly, they vfe to eare the fame as a kind of bread- corne, and a!fo make pottage therewith as wee do with Otemeale ; forthe which purpofe it is there fowenas Corne, and fent into the Low- countrics,and there fold by the pound. In En- glith it may becalled Manna-grafle, or Dew- graffe ; but more fitly Rice-graffe.

2 This is iudged tobe I/chemon of Pliny ¢ and Galli crus of Apuleius.

@ The Natures

Thefe Graffes are aftringent and drying , in

tafte fwect like the common Dogs-graffe. q The Vertues,

Apuleius faith, ifa plaifter be made of this Graffe, Hogs greafe, and leucn of houfehold bread, it cureth the bitirg ofmad dogs.

As inthe defcription I told you, this plant in his tuft or eare is divided into fundry branches, fome tuft into three, fome foure, and fome fiue clouen parts like Cocks toes, Apuleius reporteth, If ye take that eare which is diuided onely into three parts,it wonderfully he!peth the running or dropping of the eyes, and thofe that begin to be bleare eyed, being bour d about the necke,and fo vied for certaine dayes together, it turneth the bumors away from the weake part.

¢ Manna Graffe, or Rice-graffe is faid to be very good to be put into pultefles, to difcuffe hard fwellings in womens brefts.

The Cocks-foot Dogs-graffe is very good in all cafes,as the other Dogs-graffts arc,and equally as effectual, + :

Pa

tCuar.2n Of diners Gperus Groffes. q The Defcription.

fear He firft of thefehath reafonable ftrong fibrous roots, from whence rife ftiffe long

and narrow leaues like thofe of other Cyperus Graffes : the ftalkes alfo (as it is

proper to all the plants of this kindred) are three fquare, bearing at their tops

fome three brownith cares foftand chaffic like the reft of this kinde, and ftanding vpright, and not hanging downe as fome others do.

2 ‘This hath pretty thicke creeping blacke roots, from whence arife three fquare ftalkes fet with leaues fhorter , yet broader than thofe of the laft deferibed ; and from the top of the ftalke come forth three or foure foot-ftalkes, wHereupon doc hang longifh rough fealy and yellowith heads.

in, yan ncaa” SIRT TS 1 aa — a AS Liz. 1. Of the Hiftory of Planes. . an)

$ 1 Gramen Cypervides aneuftifolinm majus. £2 Pfendocyper us, Great narrow leaued Cyperus Graffe, Baftard Cy peruss Cone } Serrolg — cp pers.

+ 3 Cyperus longus inodorus fylueftris. Long Baftard Cyperus.

EN

defetibed : the 3 {quare ftalke alfo is fome two cubits high, bearing at the top di- fperfedlyround fcaly heads fomewhat like thofe of the wood Ruth-grafle: the leaues are fomewhat fharpe and triangular like thofe of the other Cyperus.

4 This Cyperus hath creeping blacke roots, hauing here and there knotty tube- tous heads for the moft part, putting vp leaues like thofe of the laft defcribed, as alfoa ftalke bearing at the top long chaffy eares like to fome others of this kinde,

5 This Cyperus Graffe hath pretty thicke fibrous and blacke roots, from whence arifeth a ftalke fome cubit high, pretty ftiffe, triangular, ioynted, fer at each joynt with a large greene leafewhich at the bortome incompafles the ftalke,which is omitted in the figure. At the top of the ftalke, as in the true Cyperus, come forth two or three pretty large leaues, betweene which rife vp many {mall foot-ftalkes very much branched, and bearing many blacke feeds fomewhat like Millet or rufhes.

Hil

g The Place and Time. Alf thefe grow in ditches and watetie

places,

ae

Ee SS

ES

SO ew en

se

SS 30 Of the Hiftory of Plants, Lis. 2

places,and are tobe foundwith their heads about the middle of Sommer, and fome of them fooner. aw | The Names.

The firkt of thefe by Lobel is called Gramenpaluftre majus.

2. This by Gefner, Lobel, and Dodonew is called Pfeudocyperws.

3 Lobe/names this, Cyperus longus inodor us fylueltris,

4 Healfocalls this, (yperus aquaticus feptentrionalis.

5 This isthe Cyperus graminea miliaceaof Lobel and Pena : the Iuncus latus in the Hiftor, Luca. pag. 988. and the P/ewdocyperus poly carpos of Thalins. /

£ 4 Cyperus rotundus inodorus fylucftris. £ 5 Cyperus gramincus miliacens, Round Baftard Cyperus. Millet Cyperus graffe,

H AB z,

f re fi

Gi ss The Temper andV ertue.

None of thefe are made vie of in phyficke ; but by their tafte they feeme to be of a cold and a: ftringent qualitie. ¢

y,

ZA

+ Cuar.22, Of diners other Graffes.

GQ The Defcription.

; His Ote or Hauer-graffe, defcribed by Clufivs,hath {mall creeping roots : the ftalks

are fome cubit high, flender ioynted,and fetwith fhort narrow leaues: at the top of

the ftalke growes the eare, long, {lender, and bending, compofed of downy huskes containing a

feed like toa naked Ote. The feed is ripeinIuly. It growes in the mountainous and fhadowie

woods of Hungary, Auftria,and Bohemia. Our Author miftaking himfelfe in the figure, and as

much inthe title, gaue the figure of this for Burnt Barley, with this title, Hordewm Diffichon. See the former edition, pag.66.

2 I cannot omit this elegant Grafle, found by M.Goodyer vpon thewals of the antient city of Winchefter, and not defcribed as yet by any that Iknow of. It hatha fibrous and ftringy root, dromwhich arife leaues long and narrow,which growing old becomeroundas thofe of S nani or

at-

tee eee ee Lis. 1. Of he Hiftory of Plants. i ae

Matweed : amongft thefe graffie leaues there growes vpa flendcr ftalke fome two foot lon a,fearfe ftanding vpright, but oft times hanging down the head or top ofthe eare : it hath fome two ‘oints, and at each of thefé a pretty grafly leafe. The care is almoft a foot in length, compofed of many fmall and flender hairy tufts,which when they come to maturitie looke ofa grayith or whitith co- tour, and dovery well refemble a Capons taile , whence my friend, the firft obferuer thereo’, saute itthe title of Gramen axsfuiveys, or Capons-taile Grafle : by which name I receiued the feed thereof,

which fowen, tooke root, and flourifhes. -

$ 1 Gra. montanum avenaceum. $ 2 Gramen muroram [pica longifsima, Mountaine Hauer-grafle, 1d apon-taile Graffe.

3 Next tothis I thinke fit to place the Gramen Criftatum, or Cocks-combe graffe of Bawhinus. This Graffe hath for the root many white fibrous threds thicke packt together ; the leaues are but thort, about the bigneffe of the ordinarie medow graffe, the ftalks are fome cubit and halfe high, With fome two or three knotsa piece : the leanes of the ftalke are fome foure or fitte inches long: the care is {mall, longith, of a pale greene colour, fomewhat bending, fo that in fome fort it re- fembles the combe ofa Cocke, or the feed-veffell of that plant which is called Caput Gallinacenm, This is ordinarily tobe found in moft medowes about Mid-fummer.

4 Thereisalfocommonly about the fame time in our medowes tobe founda Grafle gtow- -,

ing to fome cubit high, hauing a fmall ftalke, at the top whereof there growes an eare fome inch

and an halfe, or two inches long, confifting as it were of two rankes of corne : it very much refem-_

bles Rie both in fhape and colour, and inhis fhort beatded awnes, wherefore it may very fitly be termed Gramen fecalinum,or Rie-crafie. Yetis it not Gramen fpica fecalinawhich Banhine deforibes inthe fifty feuenth place, in his Prodromus, paz.18. for that is much taller,andthe eare much lar- ger than this of my defcription.

s In diuers places about hedges, in Iuly and Augutt is to be founda fine large tall Graffe, which Bawhine (who alfo firft deferibed it) hath vnder the name of Gramen (pica BriXe majus. This hath ftalkes as tallas Rie, but not fo thicke, neither are the Jeaues fo broad : at the top of the ftalk Stow diuers pretty little flattith eares confifting of two rankes of chaffie huskes or feed-yeffells, which haue yellowith little floures like to thofe of Wheat.

6 Thereisalfo commonly tobe found about May or the beginning of Iune, in medowes and fuch

ne

Se h oenud

olbrd ~

pa rea a PR Tete naa Tn gd Se a 20 Of the Hiftory of Plants. Lise n fuch places that graffe which in the Hiforia Lugdua, is fectorth ynder the name of Gramen Lana- tum Datefchampy. the ftalkes and leaues are much like the common medow grafle, but thatthe are more whitifh and hairy ; the head or panicle is alfo foft and woolly,and it is commonly ofa gray,orelfe amurrice colour.

7. There is tobe found in fome bogs in Summer time about the end of Iuly a pretty ruthie grafle fome toote or better inheight, the ftalke is hard and ruthie, hauing: fome three 1oints, at cach whereof therecomes forth aleafeas in other gtaffes,and out of the bofome ofthe two vp-= permoft ofthefe leaues comes out a flender ftalke being {ome 2 Or 3 inches high, and at the to thereof growes as in a little ymble a prety white chaffie floure ; and at, or nigh to the top ofthe maine {talke there grow three or foure fuch floures clu ftering together vpon little thortand {len- der foor ftalkes:the leaues are but fmall,and fome handfull or better long, the roote I did not ob. ferue. This feemes to haue fome affinitie with the Gramen juateum aquaticum,formerly deferibed inthe ninth chapter, I neuer found this but once,and that was in the companie of M. Thomas Smith,and M. lames Clarke, Apothecaries of London; we riding into Windfore Foret vpon the {earch of rare plants, and we found this vpona bogge neere the high way fideat the corner of the great parke, I thinke it may very fitly be called Gramen junzewin leucanthemum:WV hite floured rufh-grafle. :

& Thelaft yeareat Margate in the Ifle of Tenet, neere to the fea fideand by the chalky cliffe Tobferued a pretty litle grafle which from a {mall white fibrous roote fent vp anumber of ftalkes ofan vnequall height, for thelongef, which were thofe thatlay partly {pred vpon the ground, were fome handfull high the other that grew ftraightvp were not fo much; and of this, one inch and halfe was taken vp in the {pike or eare,which was no thicker than the reft of the ftalke, and feemed nothing elfe buta plaine fmooth ftalke, vnlefle you looked vpon it earneftly,and then you might perceiue it tobe like Darnell graffe:wherefore in the Iournall that I wrot of this Sim- pling voyage, I called it pag.3.Gramen p wuum marinum (pica Loliacea, 1 iudge it to bethe fame that Bauhine in his Prodromus,pag.19 hath fet forth vnder the name of Gramen Loliaceum minus fpi- ca fimplici. It may be called in Englith, Dwarfe Se Graff. :

9 The Darnell graffe thay compared the care ofthis laft deferibed vnto,is not the Gramen forheinum (which our Author called=Darnel-ora fle) but another graffe growing in moft places with ftalkes about fome fpan high,but they feldome ftand vpright, the eare is made iuft like that which hereafter chap.58.is called Lolium rubrum, Red Darnell,ofwhich I iudge this a variety dif fering little therefrom but in fmalineffe of growth.

to Vpon Hampfted heath I haue often obferueda {mall graflewhofe longeft leaues are fel’ dome aboue two or three inches high,and ghefe leaues are very greene, {mall,and perfe@ly round like the Spartum _Auftriacum, or Feather-graffe : I could neuer finde any ftalke or eare vpon it: wherefore Ihaue brought it into the Garden to obfetue it better. In the forementioned Tournall, pag.33. you may finde itynderthe name of Graven Spartium capillaceo folio minimum. It may be this is that graffe which Bawhine fet forth in his Prodromus,pag.1 1 .vnder the title of Gramen |par- teum Mon|peliacum capillaceo folio minimum.1 haue thought good in rhis place to explaine my mea- ning by thefe two names to fuchas are ftudious of plants, which may happen to light by chance (for they were not intended for publicke) vpon our Tournall, that they need not doubt of my meaning.

tz I mutt not paffe ouerin filence two other Graffes, which for any thing that I know are {rangers with vs,the one I haue feenewhith M. Parkinfon, and it is fer forth by Bawhine,paz.30.0£ his Predromus. ‘The other by Lobel in the {econd part of his Adverfaris »pag.468. The irft (which uhine fitly calls Gramen alopecuriodes (pica afpera,and thinkes it to be Gram, Echinatum Dalefcham.. pa, detcribed Hist. Lugd. paz.432.) hath a fibrous and white root, from which arifes a ftiffe ftalke dinided by many knots,or knees : the leaues are like to the other fox-taile graffes,but gree- he care 1s tough,of fome inch in length, and growes as itwere vpon one fide of the ftalke:the eare at firlt is greene, and fhewes yellowith little fowers in Augutt.

r2, This other Graffe which Loéel/ in the quoted place figures and defcribes by the name of

* Gramen Scoparium {chemi pannicults Gallicum, hath rootes fome cubit long, flender,and very dtiffe,

(for.of thefe are made the head. bruthes which are vu Igarly vfed)the ftraw is flender, and fome cu- bit high, being heereand there ioynted like to other Graffes : the top hath foure or fiue eares ftanding after the manner of Cocks foot Graffe, whereof it isa kinde. It growes naturally about Orleance, and may be called in Englifh, Bruth-graffe, ep

Cuar

rh

—— FA Se /

oa AN nt —H

List Of the Hiftory of Plants, 29

Cuap. 23, Of Cotton Graffe. © The defcription.

* His ftrange Cotton graflewhich L’obelins hath com ptehended vnder the kindes » of Rufhes ; notwithftanding that it thay paffe with the Ruthes, yet { finde in ~%, mine owne experience, that it dorh rather refemble graffe chan rufhes,and ma

» age indifferently be taken for cither,for that it doth participate of both. The ftalke is fmall and rufhy, garnifhed with many graffy leaues alone ft the (anid Melting atthe topa buth or tuft of moft pleafant downe or cotton like vnto the moft fine and foft white filke. The roor’ is very tough, {mall and threddy.

2 This Water Gladiole,or gratfy Ruth, of all others is the fairet and mott pleafant to be- hold, and ferueth very well for the decking and trimming vp of honfes, becaufe of the beauty and Graueric thereof: confifting offundry fmall leaues, of a white colour mixed with carnation, growing at the top of abareand naked ftalke, fiue or fix foot long, and fometime’ more. «The leaues arc long and flaggy, not much vnlike the common reed. The toot is threddy,and not | ong.

OD

1 Gramen Tomentarium, 2 Gladiolys paluftris Cordi. : Cotton Graffe, tele Water Gladiole, is Er Umm "eT as 4 ieee Py uh ODINNAAS VA EEK OMS

Sry

—

yi 4 rasa

x) ae

“a The place and time. ; a ; +r Cotton graffe sroweth vpon bogs and fuch like moorith places,and itis to be feene vpon the bogs on Hamptted heath. It groweth likewife in Highgate parkencere London, aie 2 Water Gladiole groweth in ftanding pooles, motes, and water ditches.J found it in great plenty being in:company witha Worthipfull Gentleman Matter Robert Wilbraham, ata illage fifteene miles from London called Buthey. Itgroweth likewife neere Redritfe by London, and many other places : the feafonanfwerethall others: 3 Qe The names. t it fy ; 1 GramenTomentofium is called likewife Iuncus bombicinus + of: Cordus, Lina praten(e, atic Gras

halinn Hicronymi Bock. In Enelith Cotton grafie: : q > : S C 2 Water

30 Of the Hiftorie of Plants. Lis. t

2 Water Gladiole is called of L’ Obcline, luncus Cyperoides floridus paludofus, Flowring Cy- preffe Ruth: Iwacus, for that his ftalke is like the ruth : Cyperoides, becaufe his leaues refemble Cyperus > Floridus, becaufe it hath on the top of every ftalkea fine vmble or tuft of {mall flowers, in fafhion of the Lilly of Alexandria, the which it 1s very like, anditherefore I had rather call it Lilly graffe.

The nature and vertues. A. Cordus faith, That Iuncus bombicinus fodden in wine, and fo takenshelpeth the throwes and gri- pings of the belly, that women haue in their childing,

- Therebe alfo fundry kinds of Graffes wholly vnknowne,or at the leaft notremembred of the ‘old Writers, whereof fome few are touched in name onely bythe late and new ‘Writers : now for as much as they haue onely named them, I will referre the Better confideration of themto the induftrie and diligence of painefull fearchers of nature, and profecute my purpofed labour, to unfold the divers forts and manifold kindes of Cyperws,Plags,and Ruthes : and becaufe that there “is added vnto many ofthe Grafles before mentioned, this difference, Cyperoides, that is to fay, refembling Cyperus, I rbought it therefore expedient to ioyne next ynto the hiftory of gipffes, the difcourfe of Cyperws,and his kindes, which are as follow,

A | Cuar.24. Of EnglifhGalingale.

¥ Cyperus longus. 2 Cyperus rotundus vulgaris.

Englifh Galingale ¥ Round Galingale.

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hy ji q| The defcription. Nelith Galingale hath leaues like vnto thecemmon Reed, but leffer. and fhorter, His ftalke is three {quare,two cubits high : vpon whofe top ftand yq,| fundry branches, euery little branch bearing many {mall chaffy {pikes, 4 The root is blacke andvery long, creeping hither and thither, occupying much ground by reafon of his {preading 2 it is of amoft {weet and plea- =i fant fmell when it isbrokem a ins 2 The

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